Morphological Anisotropy in Metal–Organic Framework Micro/Nanostructures

Abstract

Anisotropy plays a unique role in the structural regulation of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and their composites, especially at the micro-and nanoscale. However, there is a lack of a understanding of MOF micro/ nanoparticles (MNPs) from the perspective of morphological anisotropy. In this Minireview, recent advances in anisotropic MOF MNPs are summarized, with a focus on how morphological anisotropy leads to innovative structures and modulates properties. First, anisotropic pristine MOF MNPs with diverse morphologies are introduced and classified by their morphology-dependent and morphology-independent anisotropy. Secondly, the anisotropy-enabled site-selective higher-order construction of MOF-based materials is highlighted. Finally, challenges and prospects for anisotropic MOFs are discussed, aiming to provide inspiration for further developments in this interesting research field.

Ultrasensitive Plasmonic Immunosensor Based on Hierarchically Porous Metal–Organic Framework‐Engineered Enzyme Catalysts

“…[ 30–32 ] The PLGA peptide with abundant carboxylic groups can modify the HRP through electrostatic interaction, which significantly accelerates the formation of amorphous aggregate and crystallization of the aggregate. Meanwhile, the PLGA peptide competitively coordinates with Zn 2+ nodes to change Zn tetrahedral environment and implement site‐selective epitaxial growth, [ 33–35 ] followed by the formation of defect crystal nanostructures. The coordination defects caused the loss of long‐distance ordering and crystallinity, [ 36,37 ] forming suitable pore windows around the enzyme in HRP@MOFs‐P nanoarchitectures.…”

Boosting Fenton-like Catalysis via Electron Tunneling-Based C–Co Charge-Transfer Bridge in Nitrogen-Doped Cobalt@Carbon Nanotube-Grafted Carbon Polyhedron

“…Figure a shows the straightforward preparation of Co@NCNT/NC. ZIF-8 and ZIF-67 are possible candidates for the preparation of core–shell MOFs (ZIF-8@ZIF-67) because of their isoreticular structures as [M­(MeIm) 2 ] n (M = Zn for ZIF-8 and Co for ZIF-67) and their similar unit cell parameters between ZIF-8 ( a = b = c = 16.9910 Å) and ZIF-67 ( a = b = c = 16.9589 Å), which are determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies (Figure S6a). The synthesis of Co nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulated in an in situ formed N-doped CNT-grafted carbon polyhedron involved two steps.…”

A rational design of functional porous frameworks for electrocatalytic CO2reduction reaction

“…From the perspective of electrocatalytic reaction, the fundamental discussion of catalysts for the ECO 2 RR is focused on catalytic selectivity, activity and mass transfer efficiency. 36 Due to the innate advantages of functional porous frameworks, e.g. , controllable metallic center, tunable coordination configuration, uniform dispersion of active sites, ultrahigh surface area, and permanent porosity, they endow catalysts with abundant designable strategies to realize improved ECO 2 RR performances.…”

“…From the perspective of electrocatalytic reaction, the fundamental discussion of catalysts for the ECO 2 RR is focused on catalytic selectivity, activity and mass transfer efficiency. 36 Due to the innate advantages of functional porous frameworks, e.g., controllable metallic center, tunable coordination configuration, uniform dispersion of active sites, ultrahigh surface area, and permanent porosity, they endow catalysts with abundant designable strategies to realize improved ECO 2 RR performances. 37 Therefore, a series of rational design strategies has been proposed in the last decade, aiming to comprehensively optimize the catalytic selectivity, activity and mass transfer efficiency of functional porous frameworks, which can be mainly divided into three aspects, including metallic element type, local coordination environment, and microstructure.…”