Morphological and starch characteristics of the Japonica rice mutant variety Seolgaeng for dry-milled flour

Choi

et al. 2017

Rice

Self Cite

BackgroundStarch biosynthesis is one of the most important pathways that determine both grain quality and yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Sugary endosperm, sugary-1 (sug-1), is a mutant trait for starch biosynthesis. Rice plants carrying sug-1 produce grains that accumulate water-soluble carbohydrates instead of starch, even after maturity. Although this trait enhances the diversity of grain quality, sugary endosperm rice has hardly been commercialized due to the severely wrinkled grains and subsequent problems in milling. This study was conducted to identify the genes responsible for the sug-h phenotype through a map-based cloning technology.ResultsWe induced a mild sugary mutant, sugary-h (sug-h) through the chemical mutagenesis on the Korean japonica cultivar Hwacheong. Grains of the sug-h mutant were translucent and amber-colored, and the endosperm appeared less wrinkled than sug-1, whereas the soluble sugar content was fairly high. These characteristics confer greater marketability to the sug-h mutant. Genetic analyses indicated that the sug-h mutant phenotype was controlled by a complementary interaction of two recessive genes, Isoamylase1 (OsISA1), which was reported previously, and Starch branching enzyme IIa (OsBEIIa), which was newly identified in this study. Complementation tests indicated that OsBEIIa regulated the properties of sugary endosperm. ConclusionsComplementary interactions between the starch biosynthesis genes OsISA1 and OsBEIIa determine the mild sugary endosperm mutant, sugary-h, in rice. Our finding may facilitate the breeding of sugaryendosperm rice for commercial benefit.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12284-017-0172-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

“…The chain–length distributions of amylopectin from wild-type and mutants endosperm were analyzed using HPAEC - PAD as in previous reports (Hanashiro et al 1996 ; Kwak et al 2017 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugary Endosperm is Modulated by Starch Branching Enzyme IIa in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Choi

et al. 2017

Rice

Self Cite

“…The latter has “floury endosperm ( flo7 )” that is easily ground in small-scale mills [ 5 ]. Seolgaeng yields milky, flavorful, non-glutinous rice grains conducive to brewing and dry milling for rice flour [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Hangaru was developed by hybridizing Daeripbyeo and Seolgaeng.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hangaru was developed by hybridizing Daeripbyeo and Seolgaeng. The former bears large grains, whereas the latter is a high-quality Japonica generated by mutating fertilized ovules with N -methyl- N -nitrosourea (NMU) [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Shingil was derived from the mutation of Hanareum with NMU [ 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Morphological and Physicochemical Properties of a Floury Rice Variety upon Pre-Harvest Sprouting

Han

Shin

Kwon

et al. 2021

Foods

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) severely reduces rice grain yield, significantly affects grain quality, and leads to substantial economic loss. In this study, we aimed to characterize the physicochemical properties and processing quality of the Garumi 2 flour rice variety under PHS conditions and compare them with those of the Seolgaeng, Hangaru, Shingil, and Ilpum rice varieties and the Keumkang wheat variety. Analysis of the molecular structure of starch revealed uniform starch granules, increased proportions of short-chain amylopectin in DP 6–12 (51.0–55.3%), and enhanced crystallinity (30.7–35.7%) in rice varieties for flour compared with the Ilpum cooking rice variety. PHS significantly altered the starch structure and gelatinization properties of Garumi 2. It also caused surface pitting and roughness in Garumi 2 starch granules and decreased their crystallinity. Collectively, the findings of this study provide important novel insights into the effects of PHS on the physicochemical properties of Garumi 2 floury rice for flour.

“…The other genomic research using two Tongil-like varieties also showed japonica-type SNP pattern on common japonica-type region on chromosome 6 [40]. Tongillike varieties showed medium amylose contents, approximately 19~20%, which is similar with that of non-waxy Korean japonica varieties [41,42]. Further, Os06g0130400, one of the selected genes in Chr6-1, also was reported as the gene controlling starch grain size in endosperm [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Characterization of the <em>Common japonica</em>-Originated Genomic Regions in the High Yielding Varieties Developed from Inter-Subspecific Crosses in Rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em> L.)

Seo

Han

et al. 2020

Preprint

The inter-subspecific crossing between indica and japonica subspecies in rice have been utilized to improve yield potential in temperate rice. In this study, a comparative study of the genomic regions in the eight high yielding varieties (HYVs) was conducted with those of the four non-HYV varieties. NGS mapping on the Nipponbare reference genome identified a total of 14 common genomic regions of japonica-originated alleles. Interestingly, the HYVs shared the japonica-originated genomic regions on the nine chromosomes, although they were developed from different breeding programs. A panel of 94 varieties was classified into four varietal groups with the 39 SNP markers from 39 genes residing the japonica-originated genomic regions and 16 additional trait-specific SNPs. As expected, the japonica originated genomic regions were present only in JAP and HYV groups with exceptions for Chr4-1 and Chr4-2. The Wx gene located within Chr6-1 was present in HYV and JAP variety groups, while the yield-related genes were conserved as indica alleles in HYVs. The japonica-originated genomic regions and alleles shared by HYVs can be employed in molecular breeding programs for further development of HYVs in rice.