MORPHOLOGICAL AND SOMATIC CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS INDUCED BY PESTICIDES IN BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE)

Cytological effects of pesticides. IX. Effects of the phosphonothioate insecticide leptophos on Vicia faba.

“…The percentage of abnormal mitoses increased as the time of treatment or the concentration of the experimental agent increased (Table 1). It may worth mentioning that, treatment of barley (Hordeum vulgare) seeds, and Vicia faba root-tips with other pesticides produced a high percentage of cells with chromosome abnormalities (Wuu andGrant 1966 , 1967). Whereas, the percentage of abnormal mitoses is high in the meta-and ana telophase stages, yet the percentage of abnormal interphase cells is too low (Table 2) .…”

Effects of the s-triazine herbicide turbutryn on mitosis, chromosomes and nucleic acids in root tips of Vicia faba.

“…The third class of chromosomal anomalies produced by turbutryn is chromosome aberrations including chromosome breakage. In this respect turbutryn resembles some other herbicides including substituted ureas, substituted phenols and s-triazine compounds (Wuu andGrant 1966, Ahmed and, Mohandas and Grant 1972, Badr andElkington 1982, Badr et al 1984).…”

“…A number of herbicides, which produced chromosomal anomalies similar to those produced by turbutryn, have been reported to induce mutation in higher plants. These include the s-triazine compounds atrazine and simazine (Wuu and Grant 1966), the substituted urea herbicides N-ethyl N-nitroso urea and N-methyl N-nitroso urea (Gichner et al 1968), EMS (Tomkins and Grant 1972) and maleic hydrazide (Gichner et al 1982). The present results, therefore, add a new compound to the list of agricultural chemicals which, when used widely, may result in harmful damage to crop plants.…”

Cytogenetic effects of agricultural chemicals. II. Effects of herbicides "lasso and basagran" on chromosomal mechanism in relation to yield and yield components in chilli (capsicum annuum L.)

“…The inhibition of seedling emergence and death of the emerged seedlings can be safely attributed to the toxic effects of the herbicides or their degradation products on root tip cells. The inhibition of cell divison and the presence of de formed nuclei in root tip cells (Morrison 1962, Mann and Storey 1966, Wuu and and Grant 1966, Prasad and Pramer 1969 were the causes for the death of roots which culminates into seedling mortality.…”