Morphological and physiological differences between two morphotypes of Zostera noltii Hornem. from the south-western Iberian Peninsula

Peralta, Gloria; Pérez‐Lloréns, José Lucas; Hernández, Ignacio; Brun, Fernando G.; Vergara, Juan J.; Bartual, Ana; Gálvez, J. A.; García, Carlos M.

doi:10.1007/s101520050005

Cited by 53 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…8 highest branching (Halophila decipiens, H. ovalis, Syringodium filiforme, S. isotifolium, Z. noltii). Besides the inter-specific differences in PIs, intra-specific variations have also been recorded driven by environmental factors (Peralta et al 2000(Peralta et al , 2003Brun et al 2002Brun et al , 2003a. Therefore, the clonal traits (imprinted in the genome and accounting for the plant architecture, productivity, clone spreading and space occupation strategies) could be obtained if different combinations between PIs are considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although meristematic growth and its fate are controlled by genetic and hormonal signals (Evans and Barton 1997;Nelson 2000;Berleth and Sachs 2001), little information exists about the molecular mechanisms underlying the morphological and/or plant architectural features driven by environmental changes. In seagrasses, despite the existence of some descriptive information on architecture and morphology (Den Hartog 1970;Tomlinson 1974;Peralta et al 2000) and even on module ultrastructure (Kuo and Cambridge 1978;Tomlinson and Posluszny 1978;Tomlinson 1982), basic information on what determines the fate of individual meristems, the resulting architecture, and module spreading is still lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shoot organization in the seagrass zostera noltii: implications for space occupation and plant architecture

et al. 2005

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The growth pattern of the seagrass Zostera noltii is described through the analysis of the shoot primordium organization within different shoot types using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Both histological approaches showed that Z. noltii shoots are organized by a successive repetition of a unit named ''phytomer'' (shoot primordium, node, internode, root, sheath and leaf), in resemblance with the shoot structure described for land grasses. This study showed that differences among shoot types are determined by two factors: (1) the presence or absence of some of the fundamental parts (mainly shoot primordium) in the ''phytomer'', (2) the evolvement stage of these elements. The branching of Z. noltii was limited by shoot structure and shoot primordium arrangement; in the ''natural'' branching pattern the first axillary shoot branched opposite to the previous branch. Simulation of the topology of a Z. noltii plant using the ''natural'' branching pattern, and its opposite one, with two different branching angles for each pattern, showed that the reduction in the branching angle notably decreases the colonizing efficiency (ca. 25% from 90 to 45°). Changes in the timing of shoot primordium development and/or release, and the optimization of the branching angle in response to external forcing (light, nutrients, density, etc.) may elucidate species-specific differences and colonization strategies with respect to abiotic conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shoot organization in the seagrass zostera noltii: implications for space occupation and plant architecture

et al. 2005

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“…From previous measurements, architectural and dynamic properties of the Zostera noltii plants were estimated according to Peralta et al (2000) using the following equations: (7) where (Eq. 3) LER is leaf elongation rate (cm plant…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct effects of current velocity on the growth, morphometry and architecture of seagrasses: a case study on Zostera noltii

Peralta¹,

Brun²,

Pérez‐Lloréns³

et al. 2006

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Hydrodynamics affect and are affected by the presence of seagrasses. Previous studies have suggested that such effects could modify the capacity of these marine plants to cope with adverse environmental conditions. However, the direct impact of hydrodynamics on seagrass performance remains undemonstrated. In this study, the direct effects of current velocity on seagrasses were examined by cultivating single plants of Zostera noltii in 12 flume tanks with contrasting current velocities (0.01, 0.10 and 0.35 m s -1 ), while avoiding differences in other abiotic factors. Our results demonstrated that current velocity directly affects (1) dynamic plant parameters such as growth, elongation, recruitment and plastochrone index (PI), (2) the morphometry of leaves, rhizome and roots and (3) the architecture of Z. noltii plants. Growth, elongation and recruitment rates increased significantly with increasing velocities, whereas the PI was significantly reduced. The resulting morphotypes appeared to represent acclimation to hydrodynamic stresses: they had (1) an improved anchoring system and (2) a reduced risk of shoot breakage. That is, at high velocity, the root system was enlarged, the aboveground/belowground biomass ratio (AG/BG ratio) was reduced and the cross sections of leaves and rhizomes increased.

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“…For standardization, 5 apical plants (those exhibiting the apical dominance of a large, branched plant) consisting of 1 shoot (4 to 5 leaves) with 2 rhizome internodes, and the corresponding roots, were transplanted in an agared substratum filling a glass crystalliser (Peralta et al 2000b). Prior to transplantation, shoots were weighted and measured, and marked at 1 cm above the bundle sheath to estimate growth rates using the punching method (Zieman 1974, as modified by Peralta et al 2000a). The substratum consisted of an agar-solidified root-rhizome layer (2% agar w/v) with natural seawater as the solvent.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The culture was carried out under controlled temperature (20°C) and photoperiod (14:10 h light:dark) at low light (15 to 25 µmol m -2 s -1 ), close to the light compensation point for this species (Peralta et al 2000a(Peralta et al , 2002. Plants and seawater were sampled every 2 d, and jars were supplemented with 0.2 µM phosphate and 2 µM nitrate to prevent nutrient depletion.…”

Section: Zostera Noltii Culture With Labelled Dissolved Organic Carbomentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of shading by Ulva rigida canopies on growth and carbon balance of the seagrass Zostera noltii

Brun¹,

Vergara²,

Navarro³

et al. 2003

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The effects of macroalgae blooms on seagrasses were assessed by shading Zostera noltii Hornem. with Ulva rigida C. Agardh mats under laboratory and field conditions. In the laboratory, where there was no direct contact between U. rigida and Z. noltii, leaf, rhizome, and root elongation rates, as well as gross production, declined as a function of U. rigida layers, causing a mobilization of non-structural carbohydrates in both above-and belowground tissues to meet carbon demands. However, when shading was performed in the field, where direct contact exists between Z. noltii and U. rigida, Z. noltii responses were not proportional to the number of Ulva layers. Elongation rates and gross production were reduced by U. rigida shading, with the lowest values under 2 Ulva layers, while there were no significant differences between controls and 4 U. rigida layers. This suggests another Ulva effect occurs besides shading. To test the likely effect of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) derived from U. rigida, Z. noltii plants were cultured under light limitation with radioactive dissolved organic carbon (DO 14 C) released by U. rigida. Plants cultured under a full DO 14 C load showed a significant enhancement of growth. The DO 14 C disappeared from the culture medium during the first 4 d of culture as a linear function of external DO 14 C concentration. This was coupled to a linear increase of radioactive particulate organic carbon (PO 14 C) in aboveground tissues, while a substantial part of this PO 14 C was allocated in belowground tissues. Overall, the PO 14 C incorporated in Z. noltii plants represented ca. 20 to 25% of the DO 14 C which had disappeared. Therefore, a net transfer of DO 14 C from U. rigida to Z. noltii has been documented. Other additional possibilities, such as a light quality effect or other kind of signals (i.e. growth factors), are discussed.KEY WORDS: Eutrophication · Heterotrophic DOC uptake · Dissolved organic carbon · Seagrass · Non-structural carbohydrates · Light reduction Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

show abstract

Morphological and physiological differences between two morphotypes of Zostera noltii Hornem. from the south-western Iberian Peninsula

Cited by 53 publications

References 49 publications

Shoot organization in the seagrass zostera noltii: implications for space occupation and plant architecture

Shoot organization in the seagrass zostera noltii: implications for space occupation and plant architecture

Direct effects of current velocity on the growth, morphometry and architecture of seagrasses: a case study on Zostera noltii

Effect of shading by Ulva rigida canopies on growth and carbon balance of the seagrass Zostera noltii

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