Morphological and molecular characterization of Travassosinema claudiae n. sp. (Oxyuridomorpha: Travassosinematidae) from the Japanese millipede Parafontaria laminata (Attems, 1909) (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae)

Abstract

Travassosinema claudiae n. sp. is described from the hindgut of the polydesmid millipede Parafontaria laminata (Attems, 1909) (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae) from Aichi prefecture, Japan. Females of the new species resemble T. thyropygi Hunt, 1996 and T. travassosi Rao, 1958 by lacking lateral alae and the constriction of the body posterior to the level of the vulva. T. claudiae n. sp. differs from T. thyropygi by its shorter body and tail, and larger eggs. Also, the nerve ring is located in the procorpus-isthmus junction in opposition to T. thyropygi, where the nerve ring is just anterior to the basal bulb. T. claudiae n. sp. can be differentiated from T. travassosi by its shorter eggs and less extended cephalic umbraculum. Males of T. claudiae n. sp. are more similar to those of T. dalei Spiridonov & Cribb, 2012 by having a similar body length, form of the oesophagus, structures around the cloaca (mid-ventral, digitiform pre-cloacal pair of papillae, a large pair of adcloacal papillae and the anterior lip of cloaca ornamented and with a spatula-like post-cloacal projection), absence of spicule and gubernaculum, and presence of a tail filament. T. claudiae n. sp. differs by the position and type of ornamentation of the large ornamented pair of papillae, by lacking the minute pair of papillae in the tail filament and by the presence of lateral alae. Description is supplemented by SEM images. The phylogeny of the species is inferred by D2-D3 28S LSU rDNA and 18S SSU rDNA. This constitutes the first species of the genus Travassosinema Rao, 1958 described from Japan.

Symbiosis of the millipede parasitic nematodes Rhigonematoidea and Thelastomatoidea with evolutionary different origins

“…420 mya) [ 23 , 41 ], it is a good model for understanding the evolutionary and ecological relationships between these parasitic nematodes and between hosts and parasites. We previously described the two nematode species, Rhigonema naylae (Rhigonematoidea) and Travassosinema claudiae (Thelastomatoidea), which are parasites of the xystodesmid millipede species Parafontaria laminata (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae) in Aichi Prefecture, Japan [ 45 , 46 ]. Both nematode species are in the suborder Spirurina, but in different infraorders.…”

“…Both nematode species are in the suborder Spirurina, but in different infraorders. Rhigonema naylae belongs to the infraorder Rhigonematomorpha, which includes the millipede parasites Ransomnematoidea [ 40 , 42 ] and Rhigonematidae [ 32 , 45 , 46 ], and the amphibian and reptile parasite Cosmocercoidea [ 8 , 9 ]. Travassosinema claudiae is a member of the Oxyuridomorpha, which includes a wide variety of parasites, such as vertebrate-parasitic Oxyuroidea [ 49 ], invertebrate-parasite Coronostomatoidea [ 55 ], and Thelastomatoidea [ 53 , 47 , 48 ].…”

A new species ofTravassosinema(Oxyuridomorpha: Travassosinematidae) from an Indian millipede,Trigoniulus corallinus(Gervais)

“…Furthermore, the genera Indiana and Pulchrocephala are more similar to the other genera, parasite to mole cricket namely Binema, Chitwoodiella, Isobinema etc. On the basis of above mentioned morphometric dissimilarities, habitat and molecular data as studied by Morffe and Hasegawa (2017), only Travassosinema should be placed in the family Travassosinematidae. It requires further molecular study on the genera, Indiana and Pulchrocephala for confirmation.…”

“…thyropygi Hunt, 1996 andT. claudiae Morfee andHasegawa, 2017. Except millipede three other species of Travassosinema are recorded from other invertebrate host namely T. mirabile Spiridonov and Ivanova, 1998 from earthworm, T. jaidenae Jex, Schneider, Rose and Cribb, 2005 from wood-burrowing cockroach and T. dalei Spiridonov and Cribb, 2012 from a larvae of scarabaeid beetle.…”

Molecular and morphological characterization of Paurodontella composticola n. sp. (Nematoda: Hexatylina, Sphaerulariidae) from Iran

“…The genus Paurodontella (Husain and Khan, 1968) is a diverse and worldwide distributed Paurodontid taxon. To date, Paurodontella contains 14 nominal species (Handoo et al, 2010;Esmaeili et al, 2016b;Yaghoubi et al, 2018), including P. aberrans (Nandakumar and Khera, 1969;Sumenkova, 1975), P. apitica (Thorne, 1941;Husain and Khan, 1968), P. asymmetricus (Tikyani and Khera, 1968;Sumenkova, 1975), P. densa (Thorne, 1941;Husain and Khan, 1968), P. minuta (Husain and Khan, 1968), P. niger (Thorne, 1941;Husain and Khan, 1968), P. sohaili (Maqbool, 1982), P. auriculata (Anderson, 1985), P. balochistani-ca (Handoo et al, 2010), P. myceliophaga (Handoo et al, 2010), P. iranica (Golhasan et al, 2016), P. persica (Esmaeili et al, 2017a), P. parapitica (Esmaeili et al, 2016b), and P. gilanica (Yaghoubi et al, 2018). Among these, P. iranica, P. persica, P. gilanica and P. parapitica were described from Iran.…”