Morphological and molecular analysis of the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Slovakia with five new records

Sarvašová, Adela; Kočišová, Alica; Halán, M.; Delécolle, Jean-Claude; Mathieu, Bruno

doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3872.5.6

Cited by 26 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In addition, occasional collections were done across Slovakia: Bysta (game park), Pcoline (cattle farm), Velaty (farm with different animals), Antalka (family house with animals), Ziar (family weekend house with sheep). The collection and identification procedures were described in the previous paper [19]. Specimens from Bulgaria, Kosovo, and Denmark were collected and identified within the VectorNet project, whereas the ones from France were from the French surveillance network funded by the French Ministry.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regardless of the chosen classification, the species related to and “grouped” with C. pulicaris vary among the authors. In an attempt to clarify the classification and the identification of the species within the Pulicaris group, phylogenetic studies based on cox 1 mitochondrial gene sequences [15–19], as well as on ITS2 rDNA region [12, 20], revealed the presence of cryptic species. Following the discovery of this genetic diversity, in 2013, a new species, C. paradoxalis Ramilo & Delécolle, 2013, close to C. lupicaris was described from France and Portugal [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the one from Portugal and the three from Denmark, morphological studies have highlighted the diagnostic characters for accurate identification [21–23]. In the light of the cryptic diversity detected in this group, further undescribed species may be expected [15, 17, 19]. Further studies, including morphological exploration, are still required to eventually lead to the formal description of new species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, new species are frequently discovered by both genetic discrepancies detected by barcode analyses ( cox 1 region) and the presence of highly supported clade from phylogenetic studies [21, 22]. Besides, morphological studies are highly recommended to be linked to these genetic studies, for a better understanding of the composition of subgenus Culicoides [19]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sample consisting of a unique female specimen found in our previous study [19] is now completed with a larger series of males and females. To support the distinct species status of the new species, we implemented a combination of morphological and phylogenetic (based on cox 1 gene) approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Description of Culicoides (Culicoides) bysta n. sp., a new member of the Pulicaris group (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from Slovakia

et al. 2017

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BackgroundSpecies of the genus Culicoides Latreille, 1809 (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are mainly known as vectors of arboviruses such as bluetongue (BTV) and Schmallenberg (SBV). Among the known vectors, few species within the subgenus Culicoides Latreille, 1809 have been implicated in the transmission of BTV and SBV. Nevertheless, phylogenetic studies had revealed the presence of cryptic and undescribed species in Europe, raising questions about their vectorial role. A previous integrative study, associating morphology and barcode data, raised the hypothesis of the presence of undescribed species in Slovakia. The present study, combining morphological and molecular approaches, is aimed to support the hypothesis and a description of Culicoides bysta n. sp. is provided.MethodsSeries of male and female specimens were dissected and several of them were sequenced for the barcode region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (cox1). Bayesian inference phylogenetic analyses based on 72 cox1 sequences of the species belonging to the Pulicaris group of the subgenus Culicoides, were carried out and the frequencies of intra/interspecific variations were analyzed. The morphology of abundant material of the new species (31 females and 12 males) was examined and compared with the paratypes of Culicoides boyi Nielsen, Kristensen & Pape, 2015 and with specimens of Culicoides pulicaris Linnaeus, 1758. For females, suture distances on the eyes were newly evaluated as a diagnostic character and for males we assessed a new measurement on the ninth tergite and on the apicolateral processes.ResultsBoth phylogenetic analysis and barcode distances supported the distinct status of the new species, Culicoides bysta n. sp. described as a member of the Pulicaris group based on the morphology of males and females. The new species is closely related to C. boyi and C. pulicaris but can be distinguished on the basis of the wing pattern and the ratio between the two eye sutures. Both newly evaluated characters, i.e. eyes in females and male genitalia appeared to be diagnostic for distinguishing the new species described herein.ConclusionsThe vector potential of the recently described species C. boyi and C. bysta n. sp. to transmit arboviruses, such as BTV and SBV, is unknown. When considering these two species as being close to C. pulicaris, the previous data, such as the vector implication for C. pulicaris in BTV transmission, should be revaluated in future.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%