Morphological and molecular analysis of the early developing chick requires an expanded series of primitive streak stages

López‐Sánchez, Carmen; Puelles, Luis; García‐Martínez, Virginio; Rodríguez‐Gallardo, Lucía

doi:10.1002/jmor.10323

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…Convergence movements continue, bringing polyclones closer to the embryonic midline. In contrast to polyclones labeled at stage 4, polyclones labeled at stage 5 show decreased extension at the level of the regressing node and prechordal plate (which appears at stage 4+; Lopez-Sanchez et al, 2005). Thus, stage 4+/5- polyclones fated to populate the forebrain and midbrain have a smaller rostrocaudal extent than stage 4 polyclones fated to populate the fore/midbrain (compare stage 4 polyclone #5 Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Fate map and morphogenesis of presumptive neural crest and dorsal neural tube

Ezin

Fraser

Bronner‐Fraser

2009

Developmental Biology

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In contrast to the classical assumption that neural crest cells are induced in chick as the neural folds elevate, recent data suggest that they are already specified during gastrulation. This prompted us to map the origin of the neural crest and dorsal neural tube in the early avian embryo. Using a combination of focal dye injections and time-lapse imaging, we find that neural crest and dorsal neural tube precursors are present in a broad, crescent-shaped region of the gastrula. Surprisingly, static fate maps together with dynamic confocal imaging reveal that the neural plate border is considerably broader and extends more caudally than expected. Interestingly, we find that the position of the presumptive neural crest broadly correlates with the BMP4 expression domain from gastrula to neurula stages. Some degree of rostrocaudal patterning, albeit incomplete, is already evident in the gastrula. Time-lapse imaging studies show that the neural crest and dorsal neural tube precursors undergo choreographed movements that follow a spatiotemporal progression and include convergence and extension, reorientation, cell intermixing, and motility deep within the embryo. Through these rearrangement and reorganization movements, the neural crest and dorsal neural tube precursors become regionally segregated, coming to occupy predictable rostrocaudal positions along the embryonic axis. This regionalization occurs progressively and appears to be complete in the neurula by stage 7 at levels rostral to Hensen's node.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Fate map and morphogenesis of presumptive neural crest and dorsal neural tube

Ezin

Fraser

Bronner‐Fraser

2009

Developmental Biology

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“…Fgf8 gain-of-function experiments, by electroporation of the prospective cardiogenic primitive streak cells at PS4 stage as previously described (Lopez-Sanchez et al, 2005), demonstrate that expression of cardiac specific markers such as Nkx-2.5 and Gata4 is significantly suppressed at the level of primitive endocardial tubes ( Fig. 2A).…”

Section: Fgf8 Modulates Cardiac Specific Markers In a Topologically Dmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Embryos were staged (PS stages: Lopez-Sanchez et al, 2005;HH stages: Hamburger and Hamilton, 1951) and subjected to early chick (EC) embryo culture (Chapman et al, 2001).…”

Section: Early Chick Whole Embryo Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Negative Fgf8-Bmp2 feed-back is regulated by miR-130 during early cardiac specification

López‐Sánchez

Franco

Bonet

et al. 2015

Developmental Biology

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It is known that secreted proteins from the anterior lateral endoderm, FGF8 and BMP2, are involved in mesodermal cardiac differentiation, which determines the first cardiac field, defined by the expression of the earliest specific cardiac markers Nkx-2.5 and Gata4. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for early cardiac development still remain unclear. At present, microRNAs represent a novel layer of complexity in the regulatory networks controlling gene expression during cardiovascular development. This paper aims to study the role of miR130 during early cardiac specification. Our model is focused on developing chick at gastrula stages. In order to identify those regulatory factors which are involved in cardiac specification, we conducted gain- and loss-of-function experiments in precardiac cells by administration of Fgf8, Bmp2 and miR130, through in vitro electroporation technique and soaked beads application. Embryos were subjected to in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry and qPCR procedures. Our results reveal that Fgf8 suppresses, while Bmp2 induces, the expression of Nkx-2.5 and Gata4. They also show that Fgf8 suppresses Bmp2, and vice versa. Additionally, we observed that Bmp2 regulates miR-130 -a putative microRNA that targets Erk1/2 (Mapk1) 3'UTR, recognizing its expression in precardiac cells which overlap with Erk1/2 pattern. Finally, we evidence that miR-130 is capable to inhibit Erk1/2 and Fgf8, resulting in an increase of Bmp2, Nkx-2.5 and Gata4. Our data present miR-130 as a necessary linkage in the control of Fgf8 signaling, mediated by Bmp2, establishing a negative feed-back loop responsible to achieve early cardiac specification.

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“…In our attempt to contribute new data on the possible factors involved in this process of induction and regulation, we have been able to demonstrate the participation of the rostral tip of the primitive streak, showing that this end of a stage PS2-5 primitive streak negatively regulates the expression of genes involved in the initiation of cardiogenesis. The properties of a later stage Hensen's node, with different morphological and molecular characteristics (Lopez-Sanchez et al, 2005), are needed for this process to begin. This finding supports our earlier results (Lopez-Sanchez et al, 2002) of the capacity of Hensen's node to mediate the induction of the process of cardiogenesis.…”

Section: State Of Commitment Of Precardiac Cells and Mechanisms Of Rementioning

confidence: 99%

Movement and commitment of primitive streak precardiac cells during cardiogenesis

López‐Sánchez¹,

Garcia-Masa²,

Gañan³

et al. 2009

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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Fate maps are required to address questions about the commitment and differentiation of precardiac cells. Here, we report a detailed study of the precardiac cells located at the level of the primitive streak, employing different experiments with a variety of techniques combining double transplantations, microinjections and immunocytochemistry. Most cells of the more rostral segments of the primitive streak were found to contribute cells to the endodermal layer, adjacent to precardiac mesodermal cells of the heart forming region whose provenance was in the immediately more caudal segments of the primitive streak. We established a close spatiotemporal relationship between the two cell layers and the expression of their specific cardiac markers (cNkx-2.5, Bmp2, Cripto, Usmaar, dHand, GATA4, Pitx2, Hex, Fgf8, AMHC1 and VMHC1). We also analyzed the ability of precardiac cells to differentiate when they are transplanted to ectopic locations or are subjected to the influence of the organizer. We propose that the precardiac cells of the primitive streak form at least two groups with different significance. One, regulated by mediation of the organizer, is located preferentially in the more rostral region of the primitive streak. It consists of the prospective cells of the endoderm layer, with a hierarchic pattern of expression of different genes characterized by its capacity for induction and regulation of a second group of cells. This second group is located preferentially in the more caudal segments, and is fated to form the precardiac mesoderm, whose differentiation would be characterized by the expression of various specific genes.

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Morphological and molecular analysis of the early developing chick requires an expanded series of primitive streak stages

Cited by 25 publications

References 68 publications

Fate map and morphogenesis of presumptive neural crest and dorsal neural tube

Fate map and morphogenesis of presumptive neural crest and dorsal neural tube

Negative Fgf8-Bmp2 feed-back is regulated by miR-130 during early cardiac specification

Movement and commitment of primitive streak precardiac cells during cardiogenesis

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