Morphological and immunological characterization of anthrax vaccine in cattle

Abstract

Anthrax is a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis that normally affects animals, especially ruminants (such as cattle, goats, sheep, and horses) and humans. This study was planned to characterize the morphology of anthrax vaccine bacteria by using Gram’s stain, polychrome methylene blue stain, culture on nutrient agar and nutrient broth media and to determine the immunological status of this vaccine by indirect ELISA and slide agglutination test in cattle. Antibiotic sensitivity test of vaccine strain of bacteria was also done. This study provided evidence that vaccine strain of Bacillus anthracis was gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria appeared as single to short-chained bacilli with blunted ends. Serum from anthrax vaccinated cattle agglutinated anthrax antigen on Day 30 (+++ within 5 min and ++ within 7 min at 1:100 dilution of test sera) and Day 90 (+++ within 5 min at 1:100 dilution of test sera) of post immunization. Immunization of cattle with anthrax vaccine generated high level of anti-anthrax IgG antibody response at Day 30 (0.789}0.014) of post immunization and reached its peak at Day 90 (0.991}0.047). This study also provided evidence that anthrax vaccine bacteria were sensitive to penicillin, streptomycin, amoxicillin and kenamycin. It may be recommended that the anthrax vaccine currently in use in Bangladesh is proved to be effective in term of morphology of Bacillus antharis and raising anti anthrax IgG antibody response in cattle with no side effect. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v11i1.17732 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2013). 11 (1): 43-49

ELISA Based Anthrax Antibody Titer in Cattle Induced by Locally Prepared Anthrax Vaccine Originated from Sterne F-24 Strain in Bangladesh

“…Vaccination response as obtained in this study differed from the finding of Dipti et al (2013) and Roy et al (2013) although they used same vaccine that we used in our study, who could detect early immune response in cattle at day 30 of immunization; whereas, in the present study we revealed early response at day 7 of post-vaccination. In addition, Dipti et al (2013) described a steady increase in antibody level upto 90days.…”

“…In addition, Dipti et al (2013) described a steady increase in antibody level upto 90days. In contrast, we found the antibody level was fluctuating over the study period (Fig.…”

“…All blood samples were carried in ice box to the Laboratory at the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202. Serum samples were prepared from the blood samples according to the method described by Dipti et al (2013). The antibody level in the serum samples were determined by ELISA (AniGenB.…”

“…Also, a single dose of Sterne vaccine may not be sufficient to ensure protective immunity in the animal to last for a year, and more than one initial dose of the Sterne vaccine may be necessary (Turnbull et al, 2004;WHO, 2008;Mongho et al, 2008). Very few studies focusing on immunological characterization have been conducted with cattle and goats, and the previous studies covered a limited period of time Dipti et al, 2013;Nagarajan et al, 2015). Moreover, the previous studies have been conducted with a limited number of animals in experimental condition.…”

Bacteriological and pathological investigation of goat lungs in Mymensingh and determination of antibiotic sensitivity

“…Then it was incubated at 37ºC for over night. No growth of bacteria around the particular disc was considered as sensitive to that antibiotic, growth of bacteria around the disc was considered as resistance to that particular antibiotic and partial growth was considered as partially resistant to that particular antibiotic (Dipti, 2013).…”