Morphological and Chemical Tuning of High-Energy-Density Metal Oxides for Lithium Ion Battery Electrode Applications

Abstract

Metal oxides represent a set of promising materials for use as electrodes within lithium ion batteries, but unfortunately, these tend to suffer from limitations associated with poor ionic and electron conductivity as well as low cycling performance. Hence, to achieve the goal of creating economical, relatively less toxic, thermally stable, and simultaneously high-energy-density electrode materials, we have put forth a number of targeted strategies, aimed at rationally improving upon electrochemical performance. Specifically, in this Perspective, we discuss the precise roles and effects of controllably varying not only (i) morphology but also (ii) chemistry as a means of advancing, ameliorating, and fundamentally tuning the development and evolution of Fe3O4, Li4Ti5O12, TiO2, and LiV3O8 as viable and ubiquitous energy storage materials.

High Capacity and Reversibility of Oxygen‐Vacancy‐Controlled MoO3 on Cu in Li‐Ion Batteries: Unveiling Storage Mechanism in Binder‐Free MoO3−x Anodes

“…Topography information and the surface current distributions of MoO 3− x and Cu 2 O@MoO 3− x nanobelts were obtained. Current–voltage ( I – V ) measurements (Figure S11d,h, Supporting Information) indicated that the current through the MoO 3− x nanobelts was lower than the current through Cu 2 O@MoO 3− x at both polarities of voltage applied in the range up to 14 V. Although MoO 3− x and Cu 2 O do not corporate with each other, the existence of Cu 2 O particles on the surfaces of the MoO 3− x nanobelts enhances the electrical conductivity of the electrodes …”

Layer‐by‐Layer Synthesis of Thick Mesoporous TiO2 Films with Vertically Oriented Accessible Nanopores and Their Application for Lithium‐Ion Battery Negative Electrodes

“…LIBs function by a conceptually simple electrochemical process consisting of the extraction and insertion of Li + between two electrodes with simultaneous removal and addition of electrons to store or release electrical energy . However, the performance of LIBs depends strongly on the electrode materials and their interaction with the electrolyte . Although many high capacity LIB negative electrode materials are available including Si, Ge, and Sn, they cannot be used in bulk form due to their low range of operating voltage, high stress generated by intercalation of Li + , and the consumption of Li + by unstable solid‐electrolyte interface layers during cycling …”

Investigation of performance of cobalt oxide (CoO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) attached to carbon nanotube (6, 0) as electrode of metal‐ion batteries: A theoretical study

“…The computational chemistry provides suitable ways for chemical researchers until they can search and discover the effective anode materials to use in batteries. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] The computational chemistry tools provide insights into the cell voltage and capacity of metal-ion batteries and can use to predict and compare the efficiency and performances of proposed new batteries. The computational chemistry is predicate, calculate and provide the electrochemical properties of various materials.…”