Morphological and Biomechanical Studies of the Ligamentum arteriosum

Dohr, Gottfried; Ebner, Inge; Gallasch, Eugen

doi:10.1159/000146195

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The earlier study used single-section sequential CT, which may be less accurate in identifying LAC. Although LAC frequently occurs at the aortic end of the ligamentum arteriosum in adults [2][3][4], its prevalence is unlikely to increase with increasing atherosclerosis because the pathophysiologic mechanism of LAC is not atherosclerosis. Although exact mechanism for LAC has not been fully established, we speculate that calcification may be deposited in myxoid degeneration of the ligamentum wall or thrombus regression may cause ligament arteriosum calcification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of ligamentum arteriosum calcification on multi-section spiral CT and digital radiography

Hong

Goo

Song

2012

Int J Cardiovasc Imaging

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To investigate the prevalence of ligamentum arteriosum calcification (LAC) on multi-section spiral CT and digital radiography. Five hundred and eight children and 232 adults who performed multi-section chest CT were included in this study and were divided into nine age groups: A (0-5 years), B (6-10 years), C (11-15 years), D (16-20 years), E (21-30 years), F (31-40 years), G (41-50 years), H (51-60 years), and I (61-70 years). Two radiologists assessed the presence of LAC on axial and coronal CT images, defined as focal calcific density on both or on one plane with attenuation >100 Hounsfield unit. The prevalence of LAC on CT was compared between children and adults, and between unenhanced and enhanced CT in children. The prevalence of LAC on digital radiography was evaluated in 476 children. The prevalence of definite LAC on unenhanced multi-section CT was significantly higher in children (37.8 %) than in adults (11.2 %) (P < 0.001), with prevalences in groups: A through I of 35.8, 48.7, 35.1, 28.6, 25.0, 10.2, 15.5, 7.8, and 5.6 %, respectively. The prevalences of indeterminate LAC in age groups A-I on unenhanced multi-section CT were 4.5, 12.8, 8.1, 19.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 2.0, and 1.9 %. In children, the prevalence of LAC was significantly higher on unenhanced than on enhanced CT (37.8 vs. 16.4 %, P < 0.001). The prevalence of LAC on digital radiography was 3.6 % in children. LAC is frequently observed in children and adults on multi-section spiral CT, more frequently than previously reported. Compared with that on multi-section spiral CT, the prevalence of LAC on digital radiography is substantially low.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ligamentum arteriosum calcification (LAC) on chest radiograph appears from a few months to several years after closure of the ductus arteriosus [1]. LAC is histologically characterized by degenerative changes with calcification and even ossification [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of ligamentum arteriosum calcification on multi-section spiral CT and digital radiography

Hong

Goo

Song

2012

Int J Cardiovasc Imaging

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“…This agrees with the findings by Garcia (1975), who after studying the LA in eight healthy human adults using stereomicroscope dissected Zemper-treated (50%), celloidin-embedded (25%), and paraffin-embedded (25%) LA, stained with Axan and "resorcin-fuchsin," described the structure as a smooth muscle. Dohr et al (1986) also studied the morphology of the LA using routine and special histological stainings in 15 bodies of both sexes aged between 60 and 80 years. The report from the study divided the LA into an outer and inner zone only.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though the LA has generally been considered as a fibrosed remnant of the ductus arteriosus, there have been contradictory anecdotal reports, reporting the persistence of smooth muscle in the structure (Dohr et al, 1986; Garcia, 1975). Furthermore, no known textbook, publication, or descriptive anatomy brings to bear the gap in knowledge regarding the ultrastructural arrangement of cell layers within the LA or its reactivity to immunostaining.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ligamentum arteriosum: Muscular and contractile

Mensah

2022

The Anatomical Record

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Ductus arteriosus is a muscular artery in fetal circulation, spanning from the bifurcation of the pulmonary trunk to the aortic arch, shunting blood directly from pulmonary circulation into systemic circulation thus by‐passing the fluid‐filled lungs. Postnatally, it changes name to the ligamentum arteriosum (LA), when a cascade of anatomical and physiological processes leads to its closure. Though the LA has generally been considered as a fibrosed remnant of the ductus arteriosus, anecdotal and contradictory reports still describe the LA as a small muscular artery. We hypothesized the likelihood of contractile muscular elements retainment in this so‐called ligament. To investigate this, mediastinum of wild‐type mouse, pig, and human LA were subjected to routine and special histological staining, single‐immunolabeling, electron microscopy (mouse and pig only), and tension recording of explanted pig LA in organ bath experiments. Contrary to a canonical ligament, the LA was mainly made up of α‐smooth muscle actin‐positive cells in all three species, confirmed by routine and special histological staining as well as transmission electron microscopy. Myocytes within the LA contracted in response to exogenous noradrenalin (NA). NA‐induced precontracted LA relaxed upon administration of the α1‐adrenergic blockers (prazosin and tamsulosin). Though the LA does not function in its original capacity as fetal shunt, it is clearly not a passive structure, and may be described as muscular and contractile. The contractile abilities of LA myocytes may act on the two great vessels to which it is attached causing a change in their distensibility.

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“…[14], Dohr et al [15], Child and MacKenzie's [16] observations of calcification within the wall of the ductus arteriosus. Kaushik et al [17] however alternatively proposed that the 'ductus bump' well-known to the paediatric radiologist as a 'normal mass' is in fact a benign self-limiting ductus arteriosus aneurysm and that ligamentum arteriosum calcification is caused by thrombus regression within the aneurysm; which was also supported by Slovis and Berdon [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ligamentum arteriosum calcification on paediatric postmortem computed tomography

et al. 2020

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Ligamentum arteriosum calcification is a normal finding in some children, although the frequency and significance at post-mortem imaging is unknown. Objectives:To estimate the frequency of ligamentum arteriosum calcification in children at post-mortem imaging, and association with patient demographics. Methods:A single centre retrospective review of paediatric post-mortem computed tomography (CT) and chest radiographic imaging was performed over a 6 year period (January 2012 to December 2018). The presence of calcification on imaging was assessed by 2 independent reviewers. Descriptive statistical analysis of ligamentum arteriosum calcification frequency and association with age and gender were calculated. Results:220 children underwent whole body post-mortem CT and 182 underwent radiographic imaging. The frequency was higher on post-mortem CT than plain radiographs (67/220, 30.5% vs 3/182, 1.5%), and highest in children within cohorts aged 1-7 years old (53.6 -66.7%), with gradual reduction in frequency after this, and none in children aged above 12 years old. There was no gender predilection. Conclusion:In the post-mortem setting, ligamentum arteriosum calcification is a common finding in children < 8 years of age. It can be better identified on post-mortem CT than chest radiographs. Radiologists new to reporting postmortem paediatric CT studies should recognise this as a common normal finding to avoid unnecessary further unnecessary investigations at autopsy.

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Morphological and Biomechanical Studies of the Ligamentum arteriosum

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Prevalence of ligamentum arteriosum calcification on multi-section spiral CT and digital radiography

Prevalence of ligamentum arteriosum calcification on multi-section spiral CT and digital radiography

Ligamentum arteriosum: Muscular and contractile

Ligamentum arteriosum calcification on paediatric postmortem computed tomography

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