Morphological and Biochemical Diversity in Fruits of Arbutus unedo L. from East Aegean Region in Turkey

Hssaini²,

Messaoudi

et al. 2020

Foods

There are not many exhaustive works emphasizing the amount of genetic diversity among the strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L) genotypes in Morocco. This work aims to assess the biochemical composition of strawberry tree fruits, as well as to establish the variation of this composition among them. In this study, total phenols (TP), total flavonoids (TF), condensed tannins (CT) and hydrolyzable tannins (HT), total anthocyanins (TA), and free radical scavenging activity through ABTS were investigated in strawberry tree fruits. Furthermore, qualitative and quantitative analyses of individual phenolic compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were carried out. Color parameters such as lightness (L *), Chroma (c *), and hue angle (h°) were also investigated. All studied variables showed highly significant differences among all samples with the exception of hydrolyzable tannins and chromatic coordinates. TP varied from 22.63 ± 1.74 to 39.06 ± 2.44 mg GAE/g DW, TF varied from 3.30 ± 0.60 to 8.62 ± 1.10 mg RE/g DW, and TA ranged between 0.12 ± 0.06 and 0.66 ± 0.15 mg cya-3-glu/100 g DW. In addition, CT and HT amounts were in the range of 10.41 ± 1.07–16.08 ± 1.50 mg TAE/g DW and 4.08 ± 2.43–6.34 ± 3.47 TAE/g DW, respectively. Moreover, the IC50 value (ABTS) ranged between 1.75 and 19.58 mg AAE/g DW. 17 phenolic compounds were detected in strawberry tree fruits. Gallocatechol and catechin were the most abundant phenolic compounds. Matrix of correlations revealed significant positive and negative correlations among variables particularly c *, a *, and b *. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the first three components formed than 68% of the total inertia. The following variables gallic acid, protocatechuic, gallocatechin, gallic acid derivative, chlorogenic acid, syringic acid, ellagic acid derivative II, L *, and h * were the most involved in the total variance explained. Hierarchical clustering classified samples into one main cluster, with a single branch. The results highlight a high biochemical diversity within studied strawberry genotypes, which is probably more genetically related.

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other study, Colak. [ 30 ] analyzed the antioxidant capacity (ABTS) of Turkish strawberry tree fruits. They found values ranged between 18.07 and 33.41 μmol TE/g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Phytochemical Components and Bioactivity Assessment among Twelve Strawberry (Arbutus unedo L.) Genotypes Growing in Morocco Using Chemometrics

Hssaini²,

Messaoudi

et al. 2020

Foods

Strawberry Trees (Arbutus unedo L.) Naturally Grown in Morocco: A Combined Study Using Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction Coupled with GC-MS and Physico-Morphological Screening

Fauconnier

Hssaini³

et al. 2021

ACS Food Sci. Technol.

The phenotypic diversity of the strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) has largely gone unheeded for many reasons, some of which have to do with its wild aspect, since it still naturally grows in the mountains and remains poorly exploited. In this regard, this study aims to investigate the phenotypic diversity within strawberry tree genotypes widely grown in Morocco, based on their physico-morphological properties and volatile compounds. Significant variability was observed among investigated genotypes for all traits with the exception of the peduncle weight. Fructose content was 20.40 g/100 g, while glucose and sucrose averaged 15.74 and 17.83 g/100 g dry weight, respectively. Headspace solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography−mass spectrometry analysis identified a total of 28 volatile compounds in strawberry tree fruits. Chemometric evaluation using the principal component analysis model was used to determine the most discriminant traits among the data set. Regarding morphological attributes, fruit geometric traits (length, width, and weight), leaf weight, flower length, blade, and leaf length had the highest contribution the total variance explained; whereas, soluble solids and pH were the greatest contributors of physicochemical attributes to the model. Finally, among volatile compounds, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, N-ethyl-1,3-dithioisoindoline, 1Hindole, and phenol captured the highest variance in the model. The combination of physico-morphological traits and volatile compounds proved to be efficient for strawberry tree discrimination and classification.

Functionnal and Technological Properties of Five Strawberry (Arbutus Unedo L.) Fruit as Bioactive Ingredients in Functional Foods

International Journal of Food Properties

Hssaini²,

Ouaabou

et al. 2021

The objective of this study was to identify, quantify, and elucidate the polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, and their antioxidant activities (via 13 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) (DPPH) radical and 2,2ʹ-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation scavenging abilities and bleaching β-carotene tested in vitro in the whole fruit, fruit skin of strawberry tree fruits of 5 genotypes and to find out the most valuable fruit for disease preventing diets. Total phenols, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins, antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS and β-carotene bleaching assay), pH, titrable acidity, soluble solids, and organic acids were investigated in five strawberry tree genotypes belonging to several areas in Morocco. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of individual phenolic compounds by highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were also carried out. Significant differences (p˂0.05) were observed across the five genotypes in total phenols (25.37-39.06 mg GAE/g DW), total flavonoids (3.30-7.07 mg RE/ g DW), total anthocyanins (0.15-0.64 mg cya-3-glu/100 g DW), pH (2.44-3.92), titrable acidity (0.65-1.01 g malic acid/100 g fw), and soluble solids (14.83-18.53%). The antioxidant activity was evaluated by three assays. The values were 3.33-21.08, 2.25-19.58, and 1.08-13 mg AAE/g DW for DPPH scavenging test, ABTS, and β-carotene bleaching, respectively. Gallocatechol and catechin were the most abundant phenolic compounds. Principal component analysis showed that the first three components formed 90.25% of the total inertia. Chlorogenic acid, ellagic acid derivative I, ellagic acid, rutin, and cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside were the most involved variables in the total variance explained.