Morpholine-4-Carbodithioate Se and Te Complex as Single Source Precursor for Synthesis of Se and Te with Diverse Morphologies

Abstract

The morphological control, physical and chemical properties of semiconducting micro/nanomaterals is strongly influenced by their dimensionality. As a result, one-dimensional (1D) nanosized Se and Te nanostructures, such as nanotubes, 1À4 nanorods, 5,6 nanowires, 7,8 nanobelts, 9,10 and nanoribbons, 11,12 have gained a considerable amount of attention in the past several decades due to their unique properties. Selenium is a nontoxic semiconductor having a bandgap of 1.7 eV and finds applications in photocells, electrical rectifiers, photographic exposure meters, xerography, glass industries, catalysts, thermoconductivity, and high piezoelectric, high photoconductivity, nonlinear optical responses, etc. 13 Tellurium on the contrary is a toxic and narrow bandgap (0.35 eV) semiconductor finding its applications in photoconductivity, nonlinear optical responses, thermoelectric, and optoelectronic devices, as a holographic recording material, an infrared photoconductive detector and for nonlinear infrared optics etc. 14 Different synthetic techniques have been used for the preparation of 1D Se and Te nanostructures using various reducing agents. 15À22 Previously, our group synthesized high purity single crystalline trigonal selenium wires and scrolled nanotubes using new reducing agents such as sulphurous acid 15 and sodium sulphide, 16 respectively, under hydrothermal conditions at low temperature. Tang and his co-workers 17 successfully reported that the decomposition of Na 2 SeSO 3 in the presence of H 2 O 2 as a reducing agent formed single crystalline Se microtubes. L-Cystine has been used as a reducing agent as well as soft template to control the growth of Se nanorods. 18 Zhu et al. 23 used the microwave polyol approach in synthesizing Se nanowires and nanorods from SeO 2 . Wang et al. 24 prepared Se nanorod bundles using sodium selenosulphite as a selenium source and poly(vinyl alcohol) as polymer. Fan et al. 25 synthesized Se microrods and microtubes by using Se powder and NaOH as starting materials under hydrothermal conditions. A considerable amount of research has also been focused on growth of nanowires, 21 nanorods, 20À22,26 nanotubes, 20 flowers, 27 and microrods 28 of tellurium. Most of these synthetic methods involve sulphurous acid, 15 sodium sulphide, 16 hydrogen peroxide, 17 L-cystine, 18 biomolecules (such as sugars and amino acids), 26 sodium gluconate, 19 and cellulose 9 formamide, 20 sodium borohydride, 21,29 ascorbic acid 22 as reducing agents. Diethyldithiocarbamato tellurium(IV) and [(CH 3 ) 4 N] 4 Ge 4 Se 10

Synthesis of selenium–silver nanostructures with enhanced antibacterial, photocatalytic and antioxidant activities

“…The crystalline phase confirmation of the designed materials was carried out by X-ray diffraction study. Figure 2c (Sahoo and Srivastava 2011;Zhang et al 2018;Jiang et al 2017). The lattice parameters (a = 0.75 nm, c = 0.436 nm) as calculated from the resulted diffraction pattern are well matching with the corresponding calculations The XRD results reveal that the composite is successfully synthesized and no other impurities peaks were observed.…”

“…Temperature and addition of hydrazine have a substantial effect on the aspect ratio of nanorods, and the present study also reveals that higher temperature affects the size of the growing nanorods. At room temperature, the material agglomerates while at a higher temperature, the agglomeration and particles size decreases (Jafari et al 2013;Sahoo and Srivastava 2011). The rate of nucleation and particles growth increases with increasing temperature, which affects the aspect ratio.…”

Solvothermal synthesis of polycrystalline tellurium nanoplates and their conversion into single crystalline nanorods

“…7a shows that the presence of two peaks at about 115.4 and 134.3 cm À1 is observed at room temperature, which are close to those reported previously. 25 Interestingly, no shi in peak positions is observed for the tellurium nanorods. While for the polycrystalline nanoplates, a new peak at 262.8 cm À1 is observed except the two 115.4 and 134.3 cm À1 peaks under the same experimental condition.…”

A facile and fast synthetic approach to create selenium nanoparticles with diverse shapes and their antioxidation ability

“…The synthesis of nanosized materials has received great interest because of their unique properties, which differ largely from those of the bulk materials. [4][5][6][7] Owing to the interesting physical properties of selenium, as well as the quantum-size effect, nano-selenium was also being considered as an excellent material, which could be used for producing novel devices with new types of applications or greatly enhancing the performance of existing devices. 8,9 On the other hand, some recent studies showed that supra-nutritional levels of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) had no obvious toxic effects and they were considered as promising therapeutic materials.…”