Morphogenetic adaptation to defoliation and soil fertility in perennial ryegrass (<i>Lolium perenne)</i>

Hazard, Laurent; Barker, D. J.; Easton, H. S.

doi:10.1080/00288233.2001.9513456

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…n = 188 for all traits. Threshold significance value: 0.144 for P < 0.05; 0.188 for P < 0.01; 0.239 for P < 0.001. and root amount has been shown previously within the species (Hazard et al, 2001;Crush et al, 2007). Comparable variation was observed here within the WSC F 2 mapping family among a range of growth traits.…”

Section: Fructan and Growthsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Perennial ryegrass is an outbreeding plant and contains enormous genetic variation for a wide range of traits. Variation for leaf appearance, leaf elongation rate, leaf size, tiller number and root amount has been shown previously within the species (Hazard et al ., 2001; Crush et al ., 2007). Comparable variation was observed here within the WSC F 2 mapping family among a range of growth traits.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

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Does fructan have a functional role in physiological traits? Investigation by quantitative trait locus mapping

et al. 2008

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Summary• The role of fructan in growth and drought-stress responses of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) was investigated in an F 2 mapping family that segregates for carbohydrate metabolism.• A quantitative trait locus approach was used to compare the genetic control of traits.• Growth and drought-stress traits were extremely variable within the family. Most traits had high broad-sense heritability. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified for most traits; the maximum number of QTL per trait was four. Between 11% and 75% of total phenotypic variation was explained. Few growth-trait QTL coincided with previously identified fructan QTL. A cluster of drought-trait QTL was close to two previously identified regions of the genome with tiller base fructan QTL in repulsion.• The high sugar parent contributed few alleles that increased 'reserve-driven' growth or performance during drought-stress. Correlation of growth and drought-stress traits with fructan content was low and increasing fructan content per se would not appear to improve drought resistance. Complex patterns of carbohydrate partitioning and metabolism within the cell may explain contradictory relationships between carbohydrate content and growth/stress-resistance traits.

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Section: Fructan and Growthsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Does fructan have a functional role in physiological traits? Investigation by quantitative trait locus mapping

et al. 2008

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“…When compared under the same conditions, management and endophyte status, new cultivars have maintained their production and sward composition at least as well as older cultivars (Crush, Woodward, Eerens, & MacDonald, 2006; Easton et al, 2001). There is some evidence that higher‐producing, more recent cultivars may be more prone to population collapse under severe defoliation in extremely dry or impoverished conditions (Hazard, Barker, & Easton, 2001). A possible explanation for this is the more intense inter‐tiller competition for resources that is inherent in vigorous grasses, makes them more susceptible to external stresses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pasture age on the genotype and phenotype of perennial ryegrass

Faville

Crush

Hong

et al. 2020

Grass and Forage Science

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Limited persistence of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) in dairy pastures is a significant issue in parts of New Zealand. The contribution of plant genetic background to this problem is not well understood. Temporal changes were investigated in genotypic and phenotypic composition of two perennial ryegrass cultivars (Nui SE and Alto AR37, older and newer cultivars respectively) sown as fields plots at three locations. Samples from survivor populations collected annually over 6 years from each location were established in a field nursery, analysed by simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and assessed for vigour, leaf morphology and tiller number. SSR-based estimates of the statistic G′ ST indicated no significant (p > .05) genetic differentiation between survivor populations and plants grown from remnant seed (ex-seed) after 5 years, and no significant change (p > .05) in within-population genetic diversity for either cultivar at any location. SSR analysis of endophytic fungus (Epichloë festucae var. lolii) type revealed only limited ingress of off-type ryegrass volunteers into plots at two locations. Vigour scores of survivor plants were not significantly (p > .05) different among plants collected from different locations and ex-seed plants. Leaves onex-seed plants were longer (p < .001) than those on the survivor plants after four but not 6 years and may reflect a short-term response to climatic conditions experienced in the field nursery. Our results suggest that the reported poor ryegrass persistence is not driven by changes in population genetic structure and that the sown cultivars survived and remained true to type.

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“…In the case of phosphorus there is also concern about its long-term availability. Certainly there is interaction between plant genetics and the nutrient environment (Hazard et al 2001), but there is seldom evidence of genuine cross-over effects. The highest producing plants tend to be the same under all nutrient regimes, except that in the most impoverished environments the plants with greatest growth potential do not survive.…”

Section: Future Options-gm Endophytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future options and targets for pasture plant breeding in New Zealand

Williams

Easton

Jones

2007

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Industries based on pastoral farming have increased their contribution to GDP from 13.5 to 17% since 1990 as the result of markedly intensified farming practices. In the future, we predict that this intensification will continue but, at the same time, there will be an emergence of an efficient, lower-input farming sector with almost no environmental footprint. Both sectors will require continuing input by pasture plant breeders. Over the past 20 years, development of pasture cultivars has become totally industry funded, with support from Crown funding for basic research. There have been several key advances in pasture plant breeding including new methods for using exotic germplasm and secondary gene-pools, modification of grass-endophyte associations, breeding for specific environments and the successful adoption of international breeding programmes. The emergence of genomics, marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genetic modification (GM) offer considerable promise for future development of pasture cultivars. Future grass breeding, aided by MAS and GM of both plants and endophytes, will place strong emphasis on feeding value for optimal animal performances, especially in intensive systems. There will also be development of grass types adapted to efficient, lower-input farming systems that will have minimal environmental A07026;

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Morphogenetic adaptation to defoliation and soil fertility in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne)

Cited by 19 publications

References 25 publications

Does fructan have a functional role in physiological traits? Investigation by quantitative trait locus mapping

Does fructan have a functional role in physiological traits? Investigation by quantitative trait locus mapping

Effects of pasture age on the genotype and phenotype of perennial ryegrass

Future options and targets for pasture plant breeding in New Zealand

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