Morphogenesis of the compound leaf in three genotypes of the pea, Pisum sativum

Abstract

1986. Morphogenesis of the compound leaf in three genotypes of the pea, Pisum sativum. Can. J. Bot. 64: 1268-1276. Leaf anatomy, ontogeny, and morphology were described and compared in a pea line (Pisurn sativum L.) with conventional leaves and in isogenic lines canying the mutations af (afila) or tl (tendril-less or acacia). The anatomy of stem, petiole, and rachis is not modified by these mutations. The tendrils, which in af replace leaflets, have normal tendril anatomy, and the terminal leaflets of the tl form have normal leaflet anatomy. The shoot apical dome has the same size and shape in the three genotypes, as does the leaf primordium up to the stage of initiation of the first laterals. ' The mature morphology of leaves varies with node of insertion. Some leaves, especially at nodes 3 and 4, have structures that are not typical of their genotype. An in vitro culture system is described for axillary shoots. Such shoots recapitulate most of the foliar features of seedling plants, but leaf morphology is on average more complex, and aberrant structures are more frequent. All these observations are discussed in relation to Young's algebraic model for compound leaf development. GOULD, K. S., E. G. CUTTER, et P. W. YOUNG. 1986. Morphogenesis of the compound leaf in three genotypes of the pea, Pisum sativum. Can. J. Bot. 64: 1268 -1276. L'anatomie, I'ontogCnie et la morphologie foliares sont dCcrites et comparkes dans une ligntk de pois (Pisum sativum L.) ifeuilles conventionnelles et dans des IignCes isogkniques portant les mutations af ou tl. L'anatomie de la tige, du pCtiole et du rachis n'est pas affectCe par ces mutations. Les vrilles qui, dans les individus af, se trouvent i la place des folioles, ont une structure normale de vrille, et les folioles terminales des individus tl ont une structure normale de foliole. Le dbme apical caulinaire est de la m&me taille et de la m&me forme chez les trois genotypes; il en est de m&me pour le primordium foliaire jusqu'au stade d'initiation des premikres IatCrales. La morphologie ultime des feuilles, spCcialement celles des noeuds 3 et 4, ont une structure qui n'est pas typique de leur gCnotype. Un systkme de culture in vitro pour les pousses axillaires est dCcrit. On retrouve chez de telles pousses la plupart des traits foliaires des semis, mais la morphologie foliaire est, en gCnCral, plus complexe et des structures anormales sont plus frkquentes. Toutes ces observations sont discutCes en relation avec le modkle algkbra'ique de Young pour le dCveloppement des feuilles composkes.[Traduit par la revue]

Pea Compound Leaf Architecture Is Regulated by Interactions among the Genes UNIFOLIATA, COCHLEATA, AFILA, and TENDRIL-LESS

“…The function of TL in the suppression of blastozone activity in the tertiary lateral primordia of af mutant leaves was first apparent during P5. Our observations of changes during leaf ontogeny were in broad agreement with those made in earlier studies that compared wild-type and mutant leaf development (Meicenheimer et al, 1983;Gould et al, 1986;DeMason, 1997, 1999a). Because previous reports had provided genetic evidence to suggest that UNI, AF, and TL interact to pattern the pea leaf (Marx, 1987;Ellis, 1996, 1998), we examined UNI expression in the wild type, tl, af, and af tl mutants to deter- A, shoot apex; P1 to P4, plastochron 1 to plastochron 4 of leaf development; S1 to S3, stipule primordia present on P1 to P3 marginal blastozones; L2 to L4, proximal leaflet primordia present on P2 to P4 marginal blastozones; T3 and T4, tendril primordia present on P3 and P4 marginal blastozones.…”

“…previously by several authors (Meicenheimer et al, 1983;Gould et al, 1986;DeMason, 1997, 1999a). A brief SEM analysis of near-isogenic lines of these genotypes-JI 1194, JI 1197, JI 1195, and JI 1199, respectively-is presented in Figure 3 to facilitate the identification of those structures labeled in subsequent in situ hybridization sections.…”

Sink to Source Transition in Tendrils of a Semileafless Mutant, Pisum sativum cv Curly

“…Leaves of cultivars such as Curly therefore consist of a basal pair of stipules and distal pairs of branched tendrils, called the tendril complex (5). Because the macroscopic development of the tendrils of afila cultivars appears to be similar to that of the tendrils in the conventional leafy cultivars (5,10) and there is an abundance of tendrils at a node and on a single plant, these cultivars are useful in studying tendril morphology, development, and physiology. The macroscopic development of pea tendrils can be subdivided into three major stages based on their thigmotropic capacity (5 Once the plant is several weeks old, there are more stage III tendrils than stage I and II tendrils combined.…”

“…In many vines such as grape, the tendril thickens and becomes woody after it coils, forming a permanent support for the plant. Alternatively, when the tendril fails to find a suitable structure around which to coil, the tendril may senesce and eventually be shed (17 (Pisum sativum L.), the tendril is a leaf component and remains chlorophyllous even when coiled (5,10,19).…”

“…In the semileafless, or 'afila, mutant, the leaflets are replaced by tendrils (2,5,10,15,19,25). Leaves of cultivars such as Curly therefore consist of a basal pair of stipules and distal pairs of branched tendrils, called the tendril complex (5).…”