Morphodynamic modeling of a low-lying barrier subject to hurricane forcing: The role of backbarrier wetlands

Johnson, Cody L.; Chen, Qin; Özdemir, Celalettin; Xu, Kehui; McCall, Robert; Nederhoff, Kees

doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2021.103886

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…It is possible that the starwood surface created a rougher plain that, when interacting with overwash, slowed the speed of the deposit due to friction, and therefore deposited at an earlier time. This friction would therefore not permit the overwash to runout into the back barrier surface as far (Johnson et al ., 2021), which would create shorter lobe lengths. During the preliminary stages of the experimental design, sediment was leveled on both the oceanic and back barrier side of sand barrier.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproducibility in Coastal Physical Laboratory Experiments: Washover Deposits and Channel Morphology

Heffentrager,

Wasklewicz,

Sirianni

et al. 2023

Journal of Coastal Research

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproducibility in Coastal Physical Laboratory Experiments: Washover Deposits and Channel Morphology

Heffentrager,

Wasklewicz,

Sirianni

et al. 2023

Journal of Coastal Research

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“…However, alongshore inconsistencies exist, and additional data during storm events are needed. Many studies have found that the use of spatially varying friction is crucial for improving model skill (e.g., [18,21,23]). In our study, however, using measured grain sizes over default grain sizes substantially improved agreements between measured and modeled changes and played a large role in reducing modeled overwash extents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Incorporating the effects of spatially varying vegetation allows the model to calculate more realistic flow velocities during overwash events. Model results could be improved by using a dynamic roughness model (e.g., [21,23]). Such an approach could account for changes to bed roughness during a storm where vegetation may be eroded or covered by sediment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…XBeach [15] is one of the most widely developed and applied 2D models for hydrodynamic and morphodynamic processes on barrier islands during storms. Multiple studies have shown that XBeach can accurately simulate storm-induced dune erosion, overwash, and sediment transport driven by elevated waves and water levels [12,[16][17][18], but there remains some uncertainty in the ability to accurately predict wave runup processes [19], and studies that quantify the accuracy of modeled overwash distances are limited [20,21]. XBeach model performance is typically validated using comparisons of pre-storm and post-storm elevation data while the accuracy of modeled hydrodynamics is inferred.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C-CAP is a publicly available land cover dataset derived from satellite imagery. Similarly, Johnson et al [21] used Landsat 5 imagery to compute spatially varying friction coefficients prior to Hurricane Gustav's landfall in 2008. Both products have low spatial resolutions (30 m) that limit their applicability in barrier island environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating Controls on Barrier Island Overwash and Evolution during Extreme Storms

Beckman

Long

Hawkes

et al. 2021

Water

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Over short periods of time, extreme storms can significantly alter barrier island morphology, increasing the vulnerability of coastal habitats and communities relative to future storms. These impacts are complex and the result of interactions between oceanographic conditions and the geomorphic, geological, and ecological characteristics of the island. A 2D XBeach model was developed and compared to observations in order to study these interactions along an undeveloped barrier island near the landfall of Hurricane Florence in 2018. Beachface water levels during the storm were obtained from two cross-shore arrays of pressure sensors for comparison to model hydrodynamics. Aerial drone imagery was used to derive pre-storm and post-storm elevation data in order to quantify spatially varying erosion and overwash. Sediment grain size was measured in multiple locations, and we estimated spatially varying friction by using Sentinel-2 satellite imagery. The high spatial and temporal resolution of satellite imagery provided an efficient method for incorporating pre-storm spatially varying land cover. While previous studies have focused on the use of spatially varying friction, we found that the utilization of local median grain sizes and full directional wave spectra was critical to reproducing observed overwash extent.

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Estuarine response to storm surge and sea-level rise associated with channel deepening: a flood vulnerability assessment of southwest Louisiana, USA

2023

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This study investigates the sensitivity of the Calcasieu Lake estuarine region to channel deepening in southwest Louisiana in the USA. We test the hypothesis that the depth increase in a navigational channel in an estuarine region results in the amplification of the inland penetration of storm surge, thereby increasing the flood vulnerability of the region. We run numerical experiments using the Delft3D modeling suite (validated with observational data) with different historic channel depth scenarios. Model results show that channel deepening facilitates increased water movement into the lake–estuary system during a storm surge event. The inland peak water level increases by 37% in the presence of the deepest channel. Moreover, the peak volumetric flow rate increases by 291.6% along the navigational channel. Furthermore, the tidal prism and the volume of surge prism passing through the channel inlet increase by 487% and 153.3%, respectively. In our study, the presence of the deepest channel results in extra 56.72 km2 of flooded area (approximately 12% increase) which is an indication that channel deepening over the years has rendered the region more vulnerable to hurricane-induced flooding. The study also analyzes the impact of channel deepening on storm surge in estuaries under different future sea-level rise (SLR) scenarios. Simulations suggest that even the most conservative scenario of SLR will cause an approximately 51% increase in flooded area in the presence of the deepest ship channel, thereby suggesting that rising sea level will cause increased surge penetration and increased flood risk.

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Morphodynamic modeling of a low-lying barrier subject to hurricane forcing: The role of backbarrier wetlands

Cited by 10 publications

References 51 publications

Reproducibility in Coastal Physical Laboratory Experiments: Washover Deposits and Channel Morphology

Reproducibility in Coastal Physical Laboratory Experiments: Washover Deposits and Channel Morphology

Investigating Controls on Barrier Island Overwash and Evolution during Extreme Storms

Estuarine response to storm surge and sea-level rise associated with channel deepening: a flood vulnerability assessment of southwest Louisiana, USA

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