Morphoanatomy of fruit, seed and seedling of Ormosia paraensis Ducke

Abstract

-Ormosia paraensis Ducke, known as "tento", has seeds that are used to make handcrafts and wood that is worked on by furniture makers. For forest identification and seeds technology, the information about the morphoanatomy of their fruits, seeds and seedlings is scarce. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to morphoanatomically describe the fruit, seeds and the post-seminal development of "tento". For the morphoanatomical description, the evaluations were examined by optical and electron microscopy scanning. The fruit is a nutant legume, brown to black, dehiscent and with one or two seeds of lateral placentation, being the epicarp slim, the mesocarp woody and the endocarp spongy, measuring about 4.4 cm, 3.9 cm and 2.0 cm in length, width and thickness, respectively. The seeds are bitegmic, exalbuminous and rounded with average dimensions: length of 12.36 mm, width of 9.68 mm and thickness of 8.03 mm. The "tento" seedlings have simple and alternate leaves, with tap roots and cylindrical stem, being its germination hypogeal cryptocotyledonary.Index terms: morphology, post-seminal development, germination, Fabaceae.Morfoanatomia do fruto, da semente e da plântula de Ormosia paraensis Ducke ReSuMO -Ormosia paraensis Ducke, conhecida popularmente por tento, possui sementes ornamentais amplamente usadas na confecção de biojóias, assim como, sua madeira é usada na indústria moveleira. Para a identificação florestal e tecnologia de sementes, as informações sobre a morfoanatomia de seus frutos, sementes e plântulas são escassas. Desta forma, o objetivo no presente trabalho foi descrever morfoanatomicamente o fruto, a semente e a plântula de tento. Para a descrição morfoanatômica de tento, os frutos, as sementes e as plântulas foram avaliados por meio de microscopia óptica e eletrônica de varredura. O fruto de tento é um legume nucóide, pseudo-septado, castanho a preto, deiscente, portando uma ou duas sementes, de placentação lateral, sendo o epicarpo delgado, mesocarpo lenhoso e endocarpo esponjoso, medindo cerca de 4,4; 3,9 e 2,0 cm de comprimento, largura e espessura, respectivamente. As sementes são bitegumentadas, exalbuminosas, arredondadas, com dimensões médias: comprimento de 12,36 mm, largura de 9,68 mm e espessura de 8,03 mm. As plântulas de tento apresentam folhas simples e alternas, com raiz pivotante e caule cilíndrico, sendo a germinação do tipo hipógea criptocotiledonar.Termos para indexação: morfologia, desenvolvimento pós-seminal, germinação, Fabaceae.

Seed anatomy and water uptake and their relation to seed dormancy of Ormosia paraensis Ducke

“…Seeds of O. paraensis are stenospermic, bitegumented, exalbuminous, rounded, bicolored (red and black), have average dimensions of 12.36 × 9.68 × 8.03 mm (length × width × thickness) and dry matter content of 0.45 g. seed −1 . Seed integument is formed by four distinct layers: cuticle (coating with hydrophobic substances), epidermis (with a layer of compact palisade consisting of radially elongated macrosclereids and densely thickened cell walls), hypodermis (hourglass cells or osteosclerotids), and parenchyma cells (Silva et al, 2015).…”

“…Because of their hardness and resistance, seeds of several Ormosia species are used for making handicrafts. However, this hardness hinders seed analysis and seedling production (Lopes et al, 2006;Gonçalves et al, 2011;Baigts, 2009;Teixeira et al, 2009;Basqueira et al, 2011;Curiel and Morais, 2011;Gurski et al, 2012;Silva and Moraes, 2012;Silva et al, 2014;Silva et al, 2015;Vargas-Simón et al, 2017).…”

Morphological aspects of fruits, seeds, and seedlings, and anatomy of seedlings of apuleia molaris spruce ex benth

“…Barroso et al (1999) classified the genus Apuleia as samaroid-type legume, dry undeiscent, flat and compressed, adapted to anemochorous seed dispersal with one to a few seeds, oblique, slightly coriaceous, with sparing-spongy mesocarp. Thus, the fruits of the family present many forms, as observed by Barroso et al (1999), Silva et al (2015), Ojeta (2013), and Silva et al (2015).…”

“…Since the 1980s, representatives of the family have been subjected to morphological descriptions of their fruits, seeds, and seedlings by Melo and Varela (2006), Matheus and Lopes (2007), Amorim et al (2008), Silva et al (2008), Ramos and Ferraz (2008), Lopes and Matheus (2008), Félix-da-Silva et al (2009), Nogueira et al (2010, Battilani et al (2011), Rego et al (2011, Barreto and Ferreira (2011), Rodrigues et al (2012, Abreu et al (2012), Gurgel et al (2012Gurgel et al ( , 2014, Alves et al (2013), Rodrigues (2013), Braga et al (2013), Feitosa (2014, Hartmann and Rodrigues (2014), Lobo et al (2014), Oliveira (2014), Ribeiro et al (2015), Ferreira and Barreto (2015) and Silva et al (2015), with the aim of contributing to the scientific knowledge of Brazilian flora.…”

Morpho-anatomical aspects of fruit, seeds post-seminal development and seedling emergence of mari (Poraqueiba paraensis Ducke)

“…Next, viewings were performed for describing the various development stages by collecting the seedlings in sequential stages of development and emphasizing: the primary root, lateral roots, epicotyl, the apical meristem and the start of the first growth and second leaves Silva et al, 2015). Germination was subsequently characterized and the seedlings were characterized in form, color, texture, indumentum, margin, surface and venation of protophilus and leaves, phyllotaxy and presence or absence of stipules (Ribeiro et al, 1999;Damião-Filho & Môro, 2005).…”