Morpho-histogenic studies of the fruit wall ofArgemone mexicanaL. (papaveraceae)

Abstract

The spiny capsule of Argemone mexicana develops from a unilocular ovary with numerous ovules borne on parietal placentae. The ovary wall comprises a layer of outer epidermis and inner epidermis each with 12 to 14 layered ground parenchyma or mesoderm in between. The epicarp, which develops from the outer epidermis of the developing pericarp, possesses numerous anomocytic type of stomata, but no trichomes. The deep lying mesodermal layers form the mesocarp, which embed pericarpic vascular bundles and their tangentially extended ramifications. The thin walled and highly vacuolated mesocarpic cells undergo disorganisation at the maturity of fruit. The tangentially elongated cells of inner epidermis of ovary form the endocarp, which at maturity of the fruit possesses thick walled cells. The cells of placentum of developing fruit contain abundant starch. Due to the contraction of disorganised parenchyma cells, the dried fruit, leaving the marginal veins and persistent stigma, dehisces at its apical region.

Nematicidal Effect of Some Botanical Powders and PoultryManure Against the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood infecting Tomato Plants

“…Triglyceride was reported as a nematicidal compound in seeds of Argemone mexicana. Sanguinarine is a quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloid with a strong bactericidal effect on Gram-positive bacteria (Rao and Dave, 2001) which may confer protection against diverse pathogens (Facchini, 2001). Sanguinarine and other identified alkaloids in Argemone include berberine, protopine and coptisine may cause nematicidal effects (Facchini, 2001).…”

Prevalence and effects of Argemone Mexicana (Papaveraceae) on biodiversity in Ethiopia

“…It is frequently found as a weed in cultivated and abandoned fields. It is an annual, hermaphroditic shrub, mostly pollinated by insects, with terminal bright yellow flowers (Rao & Dave, 2001).…”