Morning based strength training improves afternoon physical performance in rugby union players

Cook, Christian J.; Kilduff, Liam P.; Crewther, Blair T.; Beaven, Christopher Martyn; West, Daniel J.

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2013.04.016

Cited by 82 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This finding would suggest that this two-hour post window might be an appropriate time point to perform a second intensive neuromuscular training session. Indeed, a number of studies have utilized multiple training sessions on the same day to optimize neural adaptation (11,18,21,23), and there is evidence of improvements in the isometric peak force of the knee extensors in both female (4.8 ± 5.0%) (18) and male (5.1 ± 10.2%) weight lifters (21) using this approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While acute changes in testosterone and cortisol have been linked to chronic adaptation (1), they have also been strongly linked to changes in acute neuromuscular function (11). Therefore changes in both testosterone and cortisol levels in the days that follow intensive training may, in turn, influence the athlete's readiness to undertake further intensive training at these time points.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Neuromuscular, Biochemical, and Endocrine Responses to a Single-Session Vs. Double-Session Training Day in Elite Athletes

Johnston

Cook

Drake

et al. 2016

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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2The neuromuscular, biochemical, and endocrine responses to a single session versus double session training day in elite athletes. 3 AbstractPurpose: The aim of this study was to compare the acute neuromuscular, biochemical, and endocrine responses of a training day consisting of a speed session only to performing a speed and weight training session on the same day Methods:Fifteen male academy level rugby players completed two protocols in a randomized order. The speed only protocol involved performing 6 maximal effort repetitions of 50m running sprints with 5 minutes recovery between each sprint, while the speed and weights protocol involved the same sprinting session but was followed 2 h post by a lower body weights session consisting of 4 sets of 5 back squat and Romanian deadlift at 85% 1RM. Testosterone, cortisol, creatine kinase, lactate, and perceived muscle soreness were determined immediately before, immediately after, 2h post, and 24h post both protocols. Peak power, relative peak power, jump height, and average rate of force development were determined from a counter movement jump (CMJ) at the same time points. Results: At 24h post, muscle soreness was significantly higher following the speed and weights protocol compared to speed only protocol (effect size eta 2 = 0.253, F = 4.750, p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between any of the CMJ variables at any of the post training time points. Likewise creatine kinase, testosterone, and cortisol were unaffected by the addition of a weight training session. Conclusion:These data indicate that the addition of a weight training session 2h post a speed session, while increasing the perception of fatigue the following day, does not result in a difference in endocrine response or in neuromuscular capability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neuromuscular, Biochemical, and Endocrine Responses to a Single-Session Vs. Double-Session Training Day in Elite Athletes

Johnston

Cook

Drake

et al. 2016

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

Self Cite

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“…Indeed, the decline rate of the anabolic hormone whose peak production was still observed at night could be attributed to shrug blood levels of cortisol (Cook et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Eccentric Strength Training’s Time on Daily Plasma Testosterone Levels among Tunisian Sedentary Athletes

Souissi¹,

Chalghaf²,

Azaiez³

et al. 2013

IOSR-JPBS

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“…So, this study did not examine the effect of training at a specific time of day on hamstring peak torque and flexibility at a different time of day. Cook et al [49] reported that morning strength training was associated with improved physical performance in the afternoon. So, further research is needed to determine if stretch training in the morning will affect the hamstring strength and flexibility in the evening and afternoon and vice versa.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The long-term effects of static stretching at different times of day on hamstring peak torque and flexibility in trained individuals

Abdel-aziem¹,

Draz²,

Mosaad³

2018

Physiother Quart.

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Introduction. There is some recent evidence that temporal specificity is important for optimizing training for muscular performance. This study was to examine the long-term effects of static stretching performed at different times of day on hamstring torque and flexibility. Methods. The total of 60 trained male subjects with tight hamstring were selected and randomly divided into 3 equal groups. Group A received static stretch in the morning (07:00-9:00), group B in the afternoon (13:00-16:00), and group C in the evening (18:00-20:00). The hamstring isokinetic concentric and eccentric peak torque and knee extension range of motion were assessed before and after 6 weeks of static stretching (3 repetitions of 30 s, 5 times/week). Results. A statistically significant increase was observed in hamstring concentric and eccentric torque, and flexibility after static stretching at different times of day (p < 0.05). The concentric and eccentric torque post-training values were significantly higher than the pre-training values (p < 0.05). The hamstring flexibility post-training values of groups B and C were significantly higher than for group A (p < 0.05). The torque and flexibility change scores of groups B and C were significantly higher than for group A (p < 0.05), without any significant difference between groups B and C (p > 0.05).Conclusions. Afternoon and evening static stretching is more effective than morning stretching in improving the hamstring concentric and eccentric torque and flexibility. Therefore, static stretching is a time-dependent task and should be scheduled by clinicians, coaches, and athletes in the afternoon or evening.

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Morning based strength training improves afternoon physical performance in rugby union players

Cited by 82 publications

References 22 publications

The Neuromuscular, Biochemical, and Endocrine Responses to a Single-Session Vs. Double-Session Training Day in Elite Athletes

The Neuromuscular, Biochemical, and Endocrine Responses to a Single-Session Vs. Double-Session Training Day in Elite Athletes

Effects of Eccentric Strength Training’s Time on Daily Plasma Testosterone Levels among Tunisian Sedentary Athletes

The long-term effects of static stretching at different times of day on hamstring peak torque and flexibility in trained individuals

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