Moringa oleifera standardised aqueous leaf extract-loaded hydrocolloid film dressing: in vivo dermal safety and wound healing evaluation in STZ/HFD diabetic rat model

Abstract

Previously, Moringa oleifera leaf (MOL) standardised aqueous extract-loaded films were successfully developed and they showed potential wound healing activity in vitro. The objective of this study was to evaluate in vivo dermal safety as well as wound healing efficacy of these MOL film dressings (containing 0.1, 0.5 and 1% MOL) on diabetic rat model. The acute dermal toxicity was carried out on healthy rats, and signs of toxicity over 14 days were observed. For wound healing studies, excision and abrasion wounds were created out on the STZ/HFD-induced diabetic rat model and the wound healing was studied over 21 days. The wound healing evaluation determined by histology staining, hydroxyproline assay and ELISA assays on wound healing related-growth factors, cytokines and chemokines. MOL film formulations exhibited no signs of dermal toxicities. In excision wound model, 0.5% film significantly enhanced the wound closure by 77.67 ± 7.28% at day 7 compared to control group. While in abrasion wounds, 0.5% MOL films accelerated wound closure significantly at 81 ± 4.5% as compared to the control. The histology findings and hydroxyproline assay revealed that high collagen deposition and complete re-epithelialisation were observed for the wounds treated with 0.5 and 1% MOL films. All MOL film dressings had successfully tested non-toxic via in vivo safety dermal toxicity. It was concluded that the 0.5% MOL extract-loaded film had proven to be the most promising approach to accelerate diabetic wound healing process in both full-thickness excision and partial thickness abrasion wounds on the HFD/STZ-induced diabetic type II model.

A systematic review of pharmacological activities and safety ofMoringa oleifera

“…Toxicity and safety of Moringa oleifera Studies on the toxicity and safety of M. oleifera included in this review are shown in Table 3. Generally, studies on the toxic effects and safety have reported of M. oleifera to be safe in various models on mice, rats, rabbits, in vitro assays and some clinical trials (42,(58)(59)(60). In retrospect, very few toxicity and safety evaluations were encountered in investigations involving humans or clinical trials.…”

Healing Effect of Vicenin-2 (VCN-2) on Human Dermal Fibroblast (HDF) and Development VCN-2 Hydrocolloid Film Based on Alginate as Potential Wound Dressing

“…The presence of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β cytokines is very vital at early phase of healing as it stimulate wound restoration [20]. According to a study by Chin et al [21], MO leaf extract film at dosage 0.1 and 0.5% successfully upregulated the production of TNF-α and IL-6 in abrasion and excision wound of diabetic Sprague Dawley rats. Whereas, at a higher concentration (50-100 μM) of VCN-2 treatment, a significant rise of pro-inflammatory cytokines level was observed in the current study ( Figures 6 and 7).…”

A Review: Matrix Metallopeptidase-9 Nanoparticles Targeted for the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers

“…Moringa oleifera has been shown to reduce DFU wound size, improve tissue granulation, and significantly reduce the levels of a multitude of cytokines including, but not limited to, TNF-α, IL-6 and VEGF. 51 , 52 …”