Morin Hydrate Encapsulation and Release from Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Melanoma Therapy

Abstract

Melanoma incidence, a type of skin cancer, has been increasing worldwide. There is a strong need to develop new therapeutic strategies to improve melanoma treatment. Morin is a bioflavonoid with the potential for use in the treatment of cancer, including melanoma. However, therapeutic applications of morin are restrained owing to its low aqueous solubility and limited bioavailability. This work investigates morin hydrate (MH) encapsulation in mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) to enhance morin bioavailability and consequently increase the antitumor effects in melanoma cells. Spheroidal MSNs with a mean size of 56.3 ± 6.5 nm and a specific surface area of 816 m2/g were synthesized. MH was successfully loaded (MH-MSN) using the evaporation method, with a loading capacity of 28.3% and loading efficiency of 99.1%. In vitro release studies showed that morin release from MH-MSNs was enhanced at pH 5.2, indicating increased flavonoid solubility. The in vitro cytotoxicity of MH and MH-MSNs on human A375, MNT-1 and SK-MEL-28 melanoma cell lines was investigated. Exposure to MSNs did not affect the cell viability of any of the cell lines tested, suggesting that the nanoparticles are biocompatible. The effect of MH and MH-MSNs on reducing cell viability was time- and concentration-dependent in all melanoma cell lines. The A375 and SK-MEL-28 cell lines were slightly more sensitive than MNT-1 cells in both the MH and MH-MSN treatments. Our findings suggest that MH-MSNs are a promising delivery system for the treatment of melanoma.

Resveratrol-Loaded Polydimethylsiloxane–Silica Hybrid Materials: Synthesis, Characterization, and Antitumoral Activity

“…The kinetics and mechanisms of release were performed by analyzing the fractional release of RES with the function of time and fitting the data with three models: the Noyes-Whitney equation applying Fick's law, the Korsmeyer-Peppas, and the Weibull model. These models have been successfully applied in studying drug delivery systems, including RES release [57,59], and empirical observations have been combined with physics-based models to predict the overall release behavior of simple and complex DDSs, mainly the temporal release of the encapsulated molecule(s) [60]. The choice of the appropriate model depends on the drug type, excipients, and device composition.…”

Morin loaded mesoporous molecular sieves as novel devices to the potential treatment of tumor pathologies

“…The analysis of the toxicity of the mesoporous materials was made through the Neutral Red Uptake test (NRU), as indicated in ISO-10993-5-2009 International Standard. Briefly, 1x10 4 Vero cells were seeded six times for each condition in sterile 96-well plates and allowed to grow for 24 hours. This cell density was established to guarantee the exponential growth phase of Vero cells during the assay.Then, the cells were treated for 24 hours with increasing concentrations of mesoporous materials in DMEM 10% SFB.…”

“…3 To overcome this difficulty, morin (and other flavonoids) have been loaded into drug carriers. [4][5][6][7][8] By using these systems, the solubility of drugs is enhanced, protecting them from degradation until reaching the region of interest. 9 Different kinds of materials have been studied as drug delivery systems.…”