Morfología y Morfometría del Disco de la Articulación Témporomandibular en Fetos y Adultos Humanos

Abstract

La articulación témporomandibular humana (ATM), sinovial y bicondílea, une la mandíbula al hueso temporal, permitiendo la relación anatómica y funcional entre ambos. Participan en su constitución: el proceso condilar de la mandíbula, el tubérculo articular y la fosa mandibular del hueso temporal, a las cuales se agrega el disco articular, la cápsula, la sinovial y ligamentos extrínsecos e intrínsecos (Dubrul, 1991; Datamore & Athanasiou, 2003). Funcionalmente, la ATM permite que la mandíbula sea capaz de realizar movimientos de apertura y de cierre, además de movimientos de protusión, retrusión, lateralidad y

Osteoarthritis of the Temporomandibular Joint: Clinical and Imagenological Diagnosis, Pathogenic Role of the Immuno- Inflammatory Response, and Immunotherapeutic Strategies Based on T Regulatory Lymphocytes

“…The inferior articular surface is given by the mandibular articular surface, which is part of the mandibular head. Structurally, the mandibular head is formed by two surfaces, anterior and posterior, both separated by a ridge that follows the same axis of the mandibular head [5][6][7]. The anterior portion of the mandibular head is relatively convex in contrast with the posterior surface which is characterized for being flat and vertical [7,8] (Figure 2).…”

“…Temporomandibular Joint Pathology -Current Approaches and Understanding to observe an articular disc, which allows fitting the temporal condyle and the mandibular head [1,5]. It is avascular and not innervated at its center, which coincides with the area of greatest work [2,6,8,13]. Like the mandibular fossa and head, its greater dimension is at the transverse axis and adapts closely to the adjacent surfaces [2,[6][7][8].…”

“…It is avascular and not innervated at its center, which coincides with the area of greatest work [2,6,8,13]. Like the mandibular fossa and head, its greater dimension is at the transverse axis and adapts closely to the adjacent surfaces [2,[6][7][8].…”

“…The main protective and customizing element of the joint complex relates to the joint capsule. This structure consists of thick organized bundles of collagen fibers that are upholstered with several proprioceptors that report changes in mandibular dynamics, thereby limiting the mandibular border movements [6]. Anteriorly, the capsule is inserted in the articular eminence [7,8].…”

“…There is a set of ligaments that meet a similar role to the capsule, functionally and structurally reinforcing the TMJ [6][7][8]. The main reinforcement ligament capsule corresponds to temporomandibular ligament which is located lateral to it.…”