Morfología de las especies de Hyphessobrycon (Characiformes: Characidae), grupo heterorhabdus, en Colombia

Abstract

Morphology of the species Hyphessobrycon, heterorhabdus group (Characiformes: Characidae) in Colombia. Hyphessobrycon is the most numerous and morphologically complex genus of Characidae, and includes 18 species reported for Colombia, from which thirteen belong to the heterorhabdus-group different methods have been proposed for species identification within this genus. This study used these species to undertake a morphogeometric analysis by the Box Truss and Thin Plate Splin (TPS) methods; 13 homologous landmarks type I and three type II were used. The result of cluster analysis indicated that these species are represented by two big groups: robust and thin. The uniform and non uniform components, and the principal warps (WP) and partial warps (Wparc), described the shape changes related to body depth, involving relative displacements of the appendicular skeleton and the cephalic region. All species were characterized by allometric growth with the exception of Hyphessobrycon mavro, who presented an isometry between the landmarks 6-7. Two new measures are proposed for species discrimination in the group (snout-supraoccipital spine distance and supraoccipital spine-pelvic fin). Rev. Biol. Trop. 59 (2): 709-725. Epub 2011 June 01.

Una nueva especie de <i>Hyphessobrycon</i> (Characiformes: Characidae) de la cuenca del río Telembí, vertiente sur del Pacífico, Colombia

“…Mirande (2010) y Oliveira et al (2011) en sus análisis con algunas especies del género plantean que Hyphessobrycon es parafilético, sin embargo, sus resultados permiten dilucidar que es posible hallar unidades o grupos naturales dentro del género Hyphessobrycon como lo hemos planteado en sendos trabajos. Weitzman & Palmer (1997), García-Alzate (2009), García-Alzate et al (2008a, b, c, 2010a, b, c, 2011 demuestran que los modelos de coloración presentes en Hyphessobrycon pueden ser útiles como caracteres taxonómicos y en sistemática entre algunas especies de este género y podrían ser la base para evaluar sus relaciones filogenéticas.…”

“…Las especies de Norteamérica: Hyphessobrycon compressus (especie tipo del género Hyphessobrycon), y Centroamérica H. tortuguerae, H. savagei, H. milleri y H. panamensis registran tres sinapomorfias: 1-siete dientes en la fila interna del premaxilar, 2-cuadrado con un foramen redondeado en la región ventral y 3-margen ventral del epiótico con dos forámenes pequeños (García-Alzate, 2009). Estas especies están estrechamente relacionadas con las que se distribuyen en el Chocó biogeográfico, caso de H. columbianus, H. sebastiani, H. condotensis, H. ecuadoriensis y H. chocoensis.…”

Tres nuevas especies de <i>Hemibrycon</i> (Characiformes: Characidae) de la cuenca del río Magdalena, Colombia

“…The macro lens option was used to reduce deformation of the edges of the images. Millimeter graph paper was used as a background for these images to determine if deformation was occurring, and the scale of each image (Ruiz-C. & Cipriani 2006, García-Alzate et al 2011. TPS files were created using the software program TPSUtil (Rohlf 2004a).…”

DNA Barcodes of Rosy Tetras and Allied Species (Characiformes: Characidae: Hyphessobrycon) from the Brazilian Amazon Basin

“…Conversely, other groups [11], [12] have concluded that the pigmentation patterns of Hyphessobrycon might be useful for ordering the complex systematic relationships within the genus.…”

“…Because the primary grouping of this genus relies on similarities in the pigmentation patterns, it is difficult to identify characteristics that are useful to formulate hypotheses on the relationships among the species; therefore, some researchers do not accept or follow this classification. Conversely, other groups [11] , [12] have concluded that the pigmentation patterns of Hyphessobrycon might be useful for ordering the complex systematic relationships within the genus.…”