“…Similar was observed for the other structures of the male genitalia of great taxonomic importance, by the peculiarities presented in these studies for each species, such as the cases of the transtilla, gnathos, fultura inferior and valvae. The projection of the saccus in the studied specie is posterior, therefore, opposite to the other Papilionoidea previously studied where it has been reported as anterior (Casagrande, 1979;Bilotta, 1994;Bizarro et al, 2003;Mielke et al, 2004). In the females, the bursa copulatrix is structurally very distinct amongst the species of Papilionidae and the other Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea.…”
Section: Female Genitaliacontrasting
confidence: 63%
“…In the present study, the preespiracular bar is indistinct in the region; only the first sternum is visualized as found by Srivastava (1965). Bilotta (1994) did not mention the preespiracular bar in Morphinae (Nymphalidae) however, the sclerite has been found in other Nymphalidae (Ehrlich, 1958a;Casagrande, 1979;Bizarro et al, 2003;Mielke et al, 2004). On the other Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea morphologically studied, the pre-espiracular bar has not been present.…”
Section: Female Genitaliamentioning
confidence: 95%
“…For the pregenital abdominal structures, the terminology used was as described by Srivastava (1965). For the genitalia of both sexes, the main terminology used was adopted from Klots (1956) and Miller (1987) with adaptations (Oiticica Filho, 1946;Ehrlich, 1958aEhrlich, , b, 1960Casagrande, 1979;Sorensen, 1980;Bilotta, 1994;Bizarro et al, 2003;Mielke et al, 2004;Duarte, 2007;Mielke et al, 2008), in addition to classic studies on morphology (Snodgrass, 1935;Matsuda, 1976).…”
The purpose of this study was to highlight the morphological components of the abdomen of the adults of Heraclides anchisiades capys (Hübner, [1809]), seeking a comparative focus with other Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea. The most relevant morphological characters were: absence of post-espiracular bar in both the sexes, presence of superuncus in the males as a projection of the eighth tergum and saccus with a posterior projection, bursa copulatrix with approximately 2.3 times the length of the ductus bursae in the females.
“…Similar was observed for the other structures of the male genitalia of great taxonomic importance, by the peculiarities presented in these studies for each species, such as the cases of the transtilla, gnathos, fultura inferior and valvae. The projection of the saccus in the studied specie is posterior, therefore, opposite to the other Papilionoidea previously studied where it has been reported as anterior (Casagrande, 1979;Bilotta, 1994;Bizarro et al, 2003;Mielke et al, 2004). In the females, the bursa copulatrix is structurally very distinct amongst the species of Papilionidae and the other Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea.…”
Section: Female Genitaliacontrasting
confidence: 63%
“…In the present study, the preespiracular bar is indistinct in the region; only the first sternum is visualized as found by Srivastava (1965). Bilotta (1994) did not mention the preespiracular bar in Morphinae (Nymphalidae) however, the sclerite has been found in other Nymphalidae (Ehrlich, 1958a;Casagrande, 1979;Bizarro et al, 2003;Mielke et al, 2004). On the other Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea morphologically studied, the pre-espiracular bar has not been present.…”
Section: Female Genitaliamentioning
confidence: 95%
“…For the pregenital abdominal structures, the terminology used was as described by Srivastava (1965). For the genitalia of both sexes, the main terminology used was adopted from Klots (1956) and Miller (1987) with adaptations (Oiticica Filho, 1946;Ehrlich, 1958aEhrlich, , b, 1960Casagrande, 1979;Sorensen, 1980;Bilotta, 1994;Bizarro et al, 2003;Mielke et al, 2004;Duarte, 2007;Mielke et al, 2008), in addition to classic studies on morphology (Snodgrass, 1935;Matsuda, 1976).…”
The purpose of this study was to highlight the morphological components of the abdomen of the adults of Heraclides anchisiades capys (Hübner, [1809]), seeking a comparative focus with other Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea. The most relevant morphological characters were: absence of post-espiracular bar in both the sexes, presence of superuncus in the males as a projection of the eighth tergum and saccus with a posterior projection, bursa copulatrix with approximately 2.3 times the length of the ductus bursae in the females.
“…As fêmeas de A. melanisans possuem o tarso da perna protorácica composto por cinco tarsômeros, assim como em C. beltrao e as espécies sul-brasileiras de Morphinae, A. claudina annetta e Z. itys itylus (CASAGRANDE 1979b, BILOTTA 1994b, C. MIELKE et al 2004b), ao contrário de Danainae e T. psidii cetoides, nas quais ocorre uma redução para três tarsômeros (EHRLICH 1958a, ACKERY & VANE-WRIGHT 1984, BIZARRO et al 2003b.…”
Section: Tóraxunclassified
“…genitrix, A. canutia, A. mamita, A. conspicua e A. alalia) e se encontram basais dentro do grupo monofilético de Actinote (sensu stricto) de SILVA- BRANDÃO et al (2008). Um caráter significativo para Acraeini é a presença de uma articulação entre os braços ventrais do tegume e os braços dorsais do saco respectivamente (EHRLICH 1958b, PIERRE 1987, ou seja, estas estruturas não estão fusionadas como em Danainae, Brassolinae, Morphinae, Ithomiinae e Charaxinae (EHRLICH 1958a, CASAGRANDE 1979c, BILOTTA 1994b, C. MIELKE et al 2004c, situação em que não é possível diagnosticar claramente onde termina o tegume e inicia-se o saco. CASAGRANDE (1979c) e C. MIELKE et al (2004c) citam as divergên-cias entre os autores em relação aos termos saco e vínculo, e ambos chegam a seguinte conclusão: "...o próprio PIERCE (1914), autor do termo vínculo (vinculum) (PIERCE 1909), o sinonimiza com saco (saccus) de BETHUNE-BAKER (1891)".…”
A morfologia externa do adulto de A. melanisans Oberthür, 1917 é descrita e ilustrada. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com outros já publicados para a morfologia externa de Nymphalidae (Danainae, Brassolinae/Brassolini sensu CASAGRANDE (2004), Morphinae/Morphini sensu LAMAS (2004a), Ithomiinae e Charaxinae). É apresentado um padrão para a caracterização morfológica do gênero, sendo esse o primeiro estudo detalhado de morfologia de uma espécie de Acraeini, agregando informações úteis para subsidiar a análise filogenética das espécies Neotropicais.
Abstract. Two phylogenies of Morpho butterfl ies were previously published, founded on morphological data analysis. These phylogenies shared similarities but also several differences. In the present study we used partial sequences of the CO1 and Cyt b mitochondrial genes to infer the phylogenetic relationships between the subgenera. From the ten subgenera previously described, seven are shown to be monophyletic: Iphimedeia, Laurschwartzia, Iphixibia, Megamede, Grasseia, Balachowskyna and Deyrollia. Although no consensus came out about the deepest relationships between the subgenera, it seems that the clade (Laurschwartzia, Iphimedeia) diverged very early from the other Morpho butterfl ies. The results also consolidated the recent creation of the subgenus Deyrollia for two species previously included into the subgenus Cytheritis. The subgenus Balachowskyna may be included in Cytheritis but the unclear position of M. zephyritis make diffi cult to affi rm it. Morphological and molecular data, considered together, suggest that the Brazilian Pessonia species could be included in the subgenus Morpho.Résumé. Phylogénie du genre Morpho Fabricius 1807 à partir de deux gènes mitochondriaux (Lepidoptera : Nymphalidae). Les deux précédentes études phylogénétiques du genre Morpho reposaient sur l'analyse de caractères morphologiques. Leurs résultats montraient des similitudes, mais aussi des différences importantes. Cette nouvelle étude explore les relations phylogénétiques entre les différents sous-genres de Morpho en s'appuyant sur l'analyse de séquences partielles des gènes mitochondriaux CO1 et Cyt b. Sept des dix sous-genres antérieurement décrits apparaissent monophylétiques : Iphimedeia, Laurschwartzia, Iphixibia, Megamede, Grasseia, Balachowskyna et Deyrollia. Bien que les relations anciennes entre les sous-genres ne fassent l'objet d'aucun consensus, le clade (Laurschwartzia, Iphimedeia) semble avoir très tôt divergé des autres Morpho. Les espèces autrefois regroupées dans le sous-genre Cytheritis ne forment pas un groupe monophylétique. La création récente du sous-genre Deyrollia, pour deux espèces aux caractères morphologiques originaux, est renforcée par les données moléculaires. Le sous-genre Balachowskyna pourrait en fait constituer un groupe d'espèce au sein des Cytheritis mais le doute subsistant quant à la position de M. zephiritis interdit toute conclusion sur ce point. Les données morphologiques et moléculaires, considérées ensemble, suggèrent que les espèces brésiliennes du sous-genre Pessonia pourraient être incluses dans le sous-genre Morpho.
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