More than constipation – bowel symptoms in Parkinson's disease and their connection to gut microbiota

Mertsalmi, Tuomas; Aho, Velma; Pereira, Pedro; Paulín, Lars; Pekkonen, Eero; Auvinen, Petri; Scheperjans, Filip

doi:10.1111/ene.13398

Cited by 120 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Several other genera and OTUs including Anaerotruncus and Clostridium XIVb showed associations with motor and nonmotor symptoms . This supports previous reports of connections between motor and nonmotor symptoms and gut microbiota …”

supporting

confidence: 91%

“…As in this study, a significant proportion of RBD patients also reported constipation, the same limitation also applies to the RBD‐related findings. Gut microbiome composition, in particular abundance of Akkermansia and Prevotella , clearly correlates with gastrointestinal symptoms, transit time and stool consistency . Therefore, it is not clear whether these changes are merely a consequence of PD‐related gut dysfunction or whether they are a contributing factor.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 This supports previous reports of connections between motor and nonmotor symptoms and gut microbiota. 2,14 Virtually all RBD patients will go on to develop a synucleinopathy. 12 Thus, although not formally a longitudinal study, this important article gives some insight into the likely time course of microbiome changes in PD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The prodromal microbiome

Scheperjans

2017

Movement Disorders

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confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The prodromal microbiome

Scheperjans

2017

Movement Disorders

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“…16 In PD, several studies have described alterations of gut microbiota composition, and changes in fecal microbiota abundance have been found to be associated with gastrointestinal and motor symptoms. 17,18 However, the cause of these changes is not known. We hypothesized that higher antibiotic exposure is associated with increased PD risk.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Exposure and Risk of Parkinson's Disease in Finland: A Nationwide Case‐Control Study

2019

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Background Gut microbiota alterations have been found in prodromal and established Parkinson's disease (PD). Antibiotic exposure can have long‐term effects on the composition of human intestinal microbiota, but a potential connection between antibiotic exposure and risk of PD has not been studied previously. Objective To evaluate the impact of antibiotic exposure on the risk of PD in a nationwide, register‐based, case‐control study. Methods We identified all patients who were diagnosed with PD in Finland during the years 1998 to 2014. Information was obtained on individual purchases of orally administered antibiotics during the years 1993 to 2014. We assessed the association between prior antibiotic exposure and PD using conditional logistic regression. Results The study population consisted of 13,976 PD cases and 40,697 controls. The strongest connection with PD risk was found for oral exposure to macrolides and lincosamides (adjusted odds ratio up to 1.416; 95% confidence interval, 1.053–1.904). After correction for multiple comparisons, exposure to antianaerobics and tetracyclines 10 to 15 years before the index date, sulfonamides and trimethoprim 1 to 5 years before the index date, and antifungal medications 1 to 5 years before the index date were positively associated with PD risk. In post hoc analyses, further positive associations were found for broad‐spectrum antibiotics. Conclusions Exposure to certain types of oral antibiotics seems to be associated with an elevated risk of PD with a delay that is consistent with the proposed duration of a prodromal period. The pattern of associations supports the hypothesis that effects on gut microbiota could link antibiotics to PD, but further studies are needed to confirm this. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society

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“…In addition, disturbances of gut function such as constipation have been described in patients [reviewed in 29]. Using the Rome III questionnaire, Mertsalmi et al [40] investigated the incidence of inflammatory bowel syndrome-like symptoms in 74 PD patients and 75 healthy controls. These symptoms were found to be elevated in 24.3% of the PD patients versus 5.3% of controls.…”

Section: Impact Of Gut Microbiota On Neurodegenerative Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Commensal Microbiota on the Enteric Nervous System and Its Role in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Schäfer

2018

J Innate Immun

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When thinking about neurodegenerative diseases, the first symptoms that come to mind are loss of memory and learning capabilities, which all resemble hallmarks of manifestation of such diseases in the central nervous system (CNS). However, the gut comprises the largest nervous system outside the CNS that is autonomously active and in close interplay with its microbiota. Therefore, the enteric nervous system (ENS) might serve as an indicator of degenerative pathomechanisms that also affect the CNS. On the other hand, it might offer an entry point for devastating influences from the microbial community or – conversely – for therapeutic approaches via gut commensals. Within the last years, the ENS and gut microbiota therefore have sparked the interest of researchers of CNS diseases and we here report on recent findings and open questions, especially with regard to Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases.

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More than constipation – bowel symptoms in Parkinson's disease and their connection to gut microbiota

Cited by 120 publications

References 28 publications

The prodromal microbiome

The prodromal microbiome

Antibiotic Exposure and Risk of Parkinson's Disease in Finland: A Nationwide Case‐Control Study

Influence of Commensal Microbiota on the Enteric Nervous System and Its Role in Neurodegenerative Diseases

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