More Than a Pipe Dream: Expanding SimCCS Carbon Transportation Pipeline Optimization to Consider Environmental Tradeoffs

Abstract

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is a pivotal technology for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. While developments have been made in capture and storage capabilities, the planning and development of an optimized transport pipeline network for linking emission sources to storage sites remains understudied. This study aims to extend the capabilities of SimCCS, a widely-used CCS planning tool, to incorporate environmental, social, and cultural considerations alongside economic costs of pipeline networks. Utilizing multi-objective optimization, we introduce an additional objective function that minimizes environmental and social impacts. This function integrates spatial data layers representing critical habitats, protected areas, and other socio-ecological factors. Preliminary results illustrate the model's capacity for multi-objective optimization. The annual expense for maintaining a sample pipeline network increased from $434 million to $622 million, with pipeline lengths of 1986 kilometers and 2878 kilometers, respectively, when shifting focus from cost to environmental and social impacts. This research contributes a more comprehensive framework for the planning of future CCS infrastructure that is both economically and environmentally sustainable.