More than 170 polyunsaturated tocopherol-related compounds in a vitamin E capsule: Countercurrent chromatographic enrichment, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis and preliminary identification of the potential artefacts

Countercurrent chromatographic isolation and purification of 11′-α-tocomonoenol from the vitamin E extract of palm oil

“…3b). The present data published by Hammann et al [25] enabled to develop a general CCC elution scheme for tocools. While the CCC elution increased with increasing number of methyl groups on the 6-chromanol moiety ( < / < ), it decreased with the number of double bonds on the C16 hydrocarbon (T < T1 < T3 < T4) ( Fig.…”

“…These reversed trends led to co-elutions in form of -T3 with -T1 and -T as well as -T4 with -T3 (Fig. 4) in the vitamin E fraction enriched from rice bran oil [25].…”

“…CCC elution scheme of tocools using the BTF solvent system with T = tocopherols, T1 = tocomonoenols, T3 = tocotrienols and T4 = tocotetraenols recently detected as artefacts in rice bran oil capsules[25].…”

Natural 6-hydroxy-chromanols and -chromenols: structural diversity, biosynthetic pathways and health implications

“…30 Interestingly to note is a recent publication by Hammann et al, who have tentatively identied 170 unsaturated tocochromanol compounds in palm oil by GC-MS, which were most likely produced (in trace amounts) by the thermal oil rening process and are thus unlikely genuine natural products. 31 Beside tocopherols and tocotrienols, some plant species produce plastochromanol-8 (27), a g-tocochromanol with eight isoprenoid units in the side chain. The biosynthesis of the polyterpene follows that of tocotrienols except of the use of solanesyl-diphosphate synthase to form the elongated side chain of plastochromanol-8 ( Fig.…”

“…37 d-Garcinoic acid was rst isolated from Clusia grandiora by Delle Monache et al and later by Terashima et al from the African bitter nut Garcinia kola and was further characterized for its chemical and physiological properties. [37][38][39][40][41][42] It has been detected in different amounts within the Clusiaceae family including Tovomitopsis psychotriifolia, Clusia obdeltifolia, Clusia burlemarxii, Clusia pernambucensis, Garcinia kola and together with g-garcinoic acid (31) in the bark of Garcinia amplexicaulis. 43,44 Recently, g-garcinoic acid was isolated in small amounts from the Algerian conifer Cedrus atlantica (Pinaceae).…”