More feed efficient sheep produce less methane and carbon dioxide when eating high-quality pellets

Paganoni, B.; Rose, I; Macleay, C.; Jones, Clifford L. W.; Brown, D. J.; Kearney, G. A.; Ferguson, M.B.; Thompson, A. N.

doi:10.2527/jas.2017.1499

Cited by 38 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These suggest that emission traits determined as lambs were genetically similar to those measured as ewes. Robinson et al (2016) also found a strong r p between CH 4 and CO 2 production (0.64 and 0.75, respectively) measured using PAC as lambs and as ewes; Paganoni et al (2017) found a strong r g for PAC measured CH 4 production (>0.60) at post-weaning, yearlings, and as adult sheep; and Oddy et al (2018) found no interaction between progeny sire and measurement age (12, 21, and 28 mo of age). Opposite, Dominik and Oddy (2015) suggested, based on repeatability estimates, that CH 4 traits measured using PAC in Merino ewes (15 mo) on pasture were not a reliable indicator of the adult (27 mo) CH 4 trait.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…However, selection for reduced CH 4 production can also result in selection of animals with reduced CH 4 yield either due to increased DMI effects ( Swainson et al, 2018 ) or due to sheep genetics ( Pinares-Patiño et al, 2013 ). Therefore, if selecting animals with similar performance traits ( McLean et al, 2006 ; Byrne et al, 2012 ; Paganoni et al, 2017 ), selection for PAC CH 4 production should result in animals with either lower DMI (but similar performance) or lower CH 4 yield (or both) and therefore reduce gross farm system emissions. This selection might, however, result in a wide range of phenotypes with low CH 4 emissions, and this might result in animals with different CH 4 genotypes when individuals with different underlying phenotypes are used for breeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic parameters of methane emissions determined using portable accumulation chambers in lambs and ewes grazing pasture and genetic correlations with emissions determined in respiration chambers1

Jonker

Hickey

Rowe

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Science

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Methane (CH4) emission traits were previously found to be heritable and repeatable in sheep fed alfalfa pellets in respiration chambers (RC). More rapid screening methods are, however, required to increase genetic progress and to provide a cost-effective method to the farming industry for maintaining the generation of breeding values in the future. The objective of the current study was to determine CH4 and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions using several 1-h portable accumulation chamber (PAC) measurements from lambs and again as ewes while grazing ryegrass-based pasture. Many animals with PAC measurements were also measured in RC while fed alfalfa pellets at 2.0 × maintenance metabolizable energy requirements (MEm). Heritability estimates from mixed models for CH4 and CO2 production (g/d) were 0.19 and 0.16, respectively, when measured using PAC with lambs; 0.20 and 0.27, respectively, when measured using PAC with ewes; and 0.23 and 0.34, respectively, when measured using RC with lambs. For measured gas traits, repeatabilities of measurements collected 14 d apart ranged from 0.33 to 0.55 for PAC (combined lambs and ewes) and were greater at 0.65 to 0.76 for the same traits measured using RC. Genetic correlations (rg) between PAC in lambs and ewes were 0.99 for CH4, 0.93 for CH4 + CO2, and 0.85 for CH4/(CH4 + CO2), suggesting that CH4 emissions in lambs and ewes are the same trait. Genetic correlations between PAC and RC measurements were lower, at 0.62 to 0.67 for CH4 and 0.41 to 0.42 for CH4 + CO2, likely reflecting different environmental conditions associated with the protocols used with the 2 measurement methods. The CH4/(CH4 + CO2) ratio was the most similar genetic trait measured using PAC (both lambs and ewes, 63% and 66% selection efficiency, respectively) compared with CH4 yield (g/kg DMI) measured using RC. These results suggest that PAC measurements have considerable value as a rapid low-cost method to estimate breeding values for CH4 emissions in sheep.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic parameters of methane emissions determined using portable accumulation chambers in lambs and ewes grazing pasture and genetic correlations with emissions determined in respiration chambers1

Jonker

Hickey

Rowe

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Science

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“…This can be explained by changes in the growth pattern and the physiological relationship between growth and feed intake as the animal matures, for example, resulting from changes in the utilization of energy for maintenance vs. gain and changes in the composition of gain (Wellock et al, 2004;Patience et al, 2015). As a result, feed efficiency can in fact be considered different traits at different growth stages (Paganoni et al, 2017). Moderate to high correlations between feed efficiency in different phases of life indicate that selecting more feed efficient animals at younger ages can improve feed efficiency in mature animals; however, reranking of individuals for feed efficiency will result in low correlations that indicate that selection at earlier ages will not necessarily result in a positive response later in life (Gomes et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feed efficiency and loin meat quality in Iberian pigs

Rauw¹,

Casco²,

Carballar³

et al. 2020

Revista Brasileira De Zootecnia

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Non-ruminants Full-length research article Feed efficiency and loin meat quality in Iberian pigs ABSTRACT-We investigated the ability to predict production performance in Iberian pigs in an extensive production system from measurements of feed efficiency measured intensively. The second objective of this work was to study the relationship between feed efficiency and meat quality (composition, juiciness, tenderness, color, and subcutaneous fatty acid composition) and if cooked and cured quality properties can be predicted by properties in fresh meat. Thirty Iberian sows received successively a restricted diet of concentrate (P1 concentrate) and acorns (P2 acorn) intensively and an ad libitum diet of acorns supplemented with a restricted amount of concentrate (P3 montanera) extensively. Pigs that were more feed efficient on concentrate were less feed efficient on acorns and had higher body weight gain during the montanera. Improved feed efficiency on acorns reduced the concentration of α-linolenic and linoleic fatty acid composition of subcutaneous fat. Faster body weight gain in montanera resulted in a desirable reduction in cooking loss and a reduction in palmitic acid content in subcutaneous fat, and a potentially undesirable reduction in meat redness. Tenderness in cooked or cured loin was not significantly related to tenderness in the raw product. Cooking loss was positively related to purge and centrifugal drip loss and to color coordinates a* 24 and b* 24 in raw samples. We conclude that feed efficiency and body weight gain may be improved in the traditional Iberian production system, with a positive effect on cooking loss but potentially resulting in paler meat.

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“…Selecting sheep with reduced feed intake and increased feed efficiency drives profitability however feed intake is expensive and difficult to measure. Carbon dioxide and methane production are easier and cheaper to measure and have high phenotypic and genetic correlations with feed intake (Robinson, 2016;Paganoni et al 2017). Therefore we hypothesised that feed intake can be predicted using gas emission data, generated from the Maternal Efficiency Project.…”

Section: In Vitro Gas Production Of Hydroponic Green Forage From Corn Oat and Barley Seedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Feed intake and gas traits measured at a young age are highly correlated with adult measurements (Paganoni et al 2017). Therefore, sheep can be measured for these traits when they are young, allowing desirable animals to be selected earlier, rather than waiting to measure them as adults.…”

Section: In Vitro Gas Production Of Hydroponic Green Forage From Corn Oat and Barley Seedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abstracts from the Proceedings of the 33rd Biennial Conference of the Australian Association of Animal Sciences

2021

Anim. Prod. Sci.

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During the career of Professor Eric Underwood, the feeding of livestock was closely linked to the availability of local resources. He solved problems by making the connections between the nutrient content of soil and livestock health, but while his research had global impact, I am sure he didn't foresee either the scale of the global feed trade or the environmental impact that livestock systems would have on the world 50 years on from his retirement in 1970.The livestock industry in 2020 is very different from what it was in 1970: global meat production is ~336 million tonnes per year (FAOSTAT averaged over 2016, 17 and 18) compared to the 92 million tonnes produced globally 50 years before. In Australia, the proportional contribution (by weight) of sheep and goat meat to total meat production has decreased from 35 to 16% over that time period and the annual import (mainly from Argentina) of soybean cake in 2016-18 averaged 743,000 tonnes out of a total of 895,000 tonnes of imported feed. Thus, even with Australia's land mass, feeding its livestock sector has a long-range footprint.As we know, livestock production also has global impact through the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere -the relationship also influenced by diet. Gerber et al. (2013) published an extensive assessment of the global contribution of emissions of GHGs from the livestock sector in 2013: beef and cattle milk production accounted for 41 and 20% of the emissions, while pig meat and poultry meat and eggs contributed 9 and 8% respectively. The expansion of pasture and feed crops into forests accounted for 9%.Awareness of the negative environmental impacts of livestock production systems started to become an important topic for research in the 1990s, as policies to limit the environmental impact of agriculture were introduced (e.g. Nitrate Vulnerable Zones in the European Union). The publication of Livestock's Long Shadow in 2006 raised global awareness of the long-range environmental impacts of livestock production systems and since then millions of dollars have been invested in quantifying those impacts. Looking at agricultural production simply through an environmental lens is not sufficient though, since global agreement to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development with 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). These goals are to be delivered as a package and include 'zero hunger' and 'economic growth', both goals to which livestock production makes a significant contribution (Mehrabi et al. 2020).Research questions thus need to address the potential consequences on all goals, of pathways for making progress towards individual goals. Eric Underwood solved animal health problems through his research, providing solutions based on nutritional knowledge. In the last 50 years animal science has added greatly to that knowledge and supported the development and implementation of technologies which have facilitated the 3.5-fold increase in global meat production. Agriculture and trade policies have also played a significant ro...

show abstract

More feed efficient sheep produce less methane and carbon dioxide when eating high-quality pellets

Cited by 38 publications

References 20 publications

Genetic parameters of methane emissions determined using portable accumulation chambers in lambs and ewes grazing pasture and genetic correlations with emissions determined in respiration chambers1

Genetic parameters of methane emissions determined using portable accumulation chambers in lambs and ewes grazing pasture and genetic correlations with emissions determined in respiration chambers1

Feed efficiency and loin meat quality in Iberian pigs

Abstracts from the Proceedings of the 33rd Biennial Conference of the Australian Association of Animal Sciences

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