More extreme precipitation in the world’s dry and wet regions

Donat, Markus G.; Lowry, Andrew L.; Alexander, Lisa V.; O’Gorman, Paul A.; Maher, Nicola

doi:10.1038/nclimate2941

Cited by 1,142 publications

(722 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In a warming climate, extreme precipitation events are expected to intensify due to moistening of the atmosphere (Donat et al, 2016;Fischer and Knutti, 2016;Pendergrass et al, 2015;Prein et al, 2016;Pfahl et al, 2017). Using observational records, a review of the literature suggests a dependency between mean and extreme precipitation on temperature (O'Gorman, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does nonstationarity in rainfall require nonstationary intensity–duration–frequency curves?

Ganguli

Coulibaly

2017

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. In Canada, risk of flooding due to heavy rainfall has risen in recent decades; the most notable recent examples include the July 2013 storm in the Greater Toronto region and the May 2017 flood of the Toronto Islands. We investigate nonstationarity and trends in the short-duration precipitation extremes in selected urbanized locations in Southern Ontario, Canada, and evaluate the potential of nonstationary intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves, which form an input to civil infrastructural design. Despite apparent signals of nonstationarity in precipitation extremes in all locations, the stationary vs. nonstationary models do not exhibit any significant differences in the design storm intensity, especially for short recurrence intervals (up to 10 years). The signatures of nonstationarity in rainfall extremes do not necessarily imply the use of nonstationary IDFs for design considerations. When comparing the proposed IDFs with current design standards, for return periods (10 years or less) typical for urban drainage design, current design standards require an update of up to 7 %, whereas for longer recurrence intervals (50-100 years), ideal for critical civil infrastructural design, updates ranging between ∼ 2 and 44 % are suggested. We further emphasize that the above findings need re-evaluation in the light of climate change projections since the intensity and frequency of extreme precipitation are expected to intensify due to global warming.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does nonstationarity in rainfall require nonstationary intensity–duration–frequency curves?

Ganguli

Coulibaly

2017

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Outros parâmetros atmosféricos e oceânicos também registram alterações dos padrões climáticos. Por exemplo, é observado o derretimento das geleiras 4 [60], o aumento do nível do mar 5 [61], a diminuição da espessura do gelo no Ár-tico 6 [62] e um incremento na frequência de precipitação extrema em diferentes regiões [63].…”

Section: A Irradiância Solar E O Clima Da Terraunclassified

A irradiância solar: conceitos básicos

Gómez‬

Carlesso

Vieira

et al. 2018

Rev. Bras. Ensino Fís.

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A radiação solar ou irradiância constitui um importante fator que influencia os processos químicos, físicos e biológicos na Terra. Essa radiação emitida por diferentes camadas da atmosfera solar afeta a atmosfera superior e também o clima da Terra. Neste artigo serão descritos os conceitos físicos sobre a irradiância total e irradiância espectral. Essas medidas são fundamentais para a modelagem do clima da Terra. Também alguns modelos utilizados são descritos. A relação entre a irradiância solar e o clima da Terra será discutido. Palavras-chave: Sol, Irradiância, Radiação eletromagnética, Fenômenos solares, Clima da Terra.The solar radiation or irradiance influences chemical, physical and biological processes on the Earth. This radiation emitted from the solar atmosphere through different layers can affect the Earth's upper atmosphere and climate. An overview about the Sun were presented. The physical description of Total Solar Irradiance (TSI) and Solar Spectral Irradiance (SSI) are explained. Some models of irradiance are briefly described. The relationship between the solar irradiance and the Earth's climate were discussed. Keywords: Sun, Irradiance, Electromagnetic radiation, Solar features, Earth's climate. IntroduçãoA energia solar esta diretamente relacionada com os processos químicos, físicos e biológicos, ou seja, esta associada com a vida na Terra. As variações dessa energia têm impacto na atmosfera e no clima da Terra em largas escalas de tempo [1]. Além disso, a química da atmosfera superior, da ionosfera e da estratosfera também são influenciadas [2,3].A radiação solar é o fluxo de energia emitida pelo Sol e transmitida sob a forma de radiação eletromagnética. Durante muitos anos foi considerada uma constante em torno de 1. A obtenção de valores da irradiância solar com alta precisão são importantes nos modelos climáticos e atmosféricos [5]. Apesar da radiação solar ser a principal fonte de energia da Terra o clima também é influenciado pelo efeito estufa, emissões de vulcões [6,7], raios cósmi-* Endereço de correspondência: jemfisi@gmail.com.cos [8] e energia radiante da supernova [9]. Além disso, mudanças de longo prazo na órbita da Terra modulam a irradiância solar que atinge o topo da atmosfera. As variações nas inclinações orbitais também podem causar pequenas diferenças na TSI [10].O principal motivo para abordar o estudo da irradiân-cia solar é conhecer qual é a verdadeira influência dela, nas variações do clima da Terra já que elas afetam nossa vida diária. Assim, como determinar qual é a influência dos processos humanos (efeito estufa e emissões de CO 2 , por exemplo) no clima e sua variabilidade. Esse trabalho fornece uma visão geral desde os conceitos básicos da radiação solar, a estrutura do Sol, a geração de campo magnético do Sol, a descrição física da irradiância solar, modelos de reconstrução da irradiância e a relação da irradiância solar e o clima da Terra. Conceitos básicos da radiação solarA radiação eletromagnética está relacionada com cargas elétricas aceleradas que irradiam en...

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“…The results help to understand the impacts of climate change and develop strategies to adapt to or possibly mitigate these impacts [3]. The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 (CMIP3) and phase 5 (CMIP5) have provided abundant climate data (e.g., the IPCC's AR5) [11], and both CMIP3 and CMIP5 climate datasets have been widely utilized globally [12][13][14][15][16]. Several studies have revealed that, compared to CMIP3, CMIP5 ensemble simulations have substantially improved the statistical representation of daily mean precipitation and temperature [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Climate Change Scenarios and Runoff Response in Biliu River

Zhu

Zhang²,

Qi³

et al. 2018

Water

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Abstract:The impacts of temperature and precipitation changes on regional evaporation and runoff characteristics have been investigated for the Biliu River basin, which is located in Liaoning Province, northeast China. Multiple climate change scenarios from phase 3 and phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3 and CMIP5) (21 scenarios in total) were utilized. A calibrated hydrologic model-SWAT model-was used to simulate future discharges based on downscaled climate data through a validated morphing method. Results show that both annual temperature and precipitation increase under most of the CMIP3 and CMIP5 scenarios, and increase more in the far future (2041-2065) than in the near future . These changes in precipitation and temperature lead to an increase in evaporation under 19 scenarios and a decrease in runoff under two-thirds of the selected scenarios. Compared to CMIP3, CMIP5 scenarios show higher temperature and wider ranges of changes in precipitation and runoff. The results provide important information on the impacts of global climate change on water resources availability in the Biliu River basin, which is beneficial for the planning and management of water resources in this region.

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More extreme precipitation in the world’s dry and wet regions

Cited by 1,142 publications

References 35 publications

Does nonstationarity in rainfall require nonstationary intensity–duration–frequency curves?

Does nonstationarity in rainfall require nonstationary intensity–duration–frequency curves?

A irradiância solar: conceitos básicos

Multiple Climate Change Scenarios and Runoff Response in Biliu River

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