More Efforts Needed to Better Understand Rural Public Health

Brand, Marcia K.; Morris, Thomas F.

doi:10.1097/01.phh.0000349736.96490.1b

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Census Bureau, 2008). Rural populations face some of the same challenges as urban or suburban counterparts but at a higher degree of severity (Brand & Morris, 2009). Older adults in rural areas disproportionately grapple with problems that affect functional decline and loss of independence: high levels of chronic conditions, low levels of available health support, limited personal and community resources, geographic isolation, and poor nutritional health, among others (Auchincloss, Van Nostrand, & Ronsaville, 2001;Sharkey et al, 2003).…”

Section: Differences Between Urban and Ruralmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful Falls Prevention Programming for Older Adults in Texas

et al. 2010

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This study assessed health-related changes of participants attending A Matter of Balance/Volunteer Lay Leader (AMOB/VLL) model falls-prevention program for older adults based on their residential location. Data were examined from 1,482 older Texans enrolled in AMOB/VLL over a 2-year period and assessed at baseline and postintervention. Results indicate participants significantly increased falls efficacy by an average of 14.4% (p < .01), reduced activity interference due to their health by an average of 6.5% (p < .01), and decreased the number of days limited from usual activity by an average of 28.2% (p < .05). Regression models show that rural participants, despite entering and exiting the program with lower health status, report greater rates of positive change for falls efficacy and health interference compared with their urban counterparts. Findings contribute to the understanding of geographic variation with falls-prevention program outcomes.

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Section: Differences Between Urban and Ruralmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful Falls Prevention Programming for Older Adults in Texas

et al. 2010

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“…Rural populations face some of the same challenges as urban or suburban counterparts but often at a higher degree of severity [9]. Both rural men and women have higher rates of self-reported obesity than men and women in other areas; and rural minorities face an added burden of health risk behaviors based on rural residence and race- and ethnicity-related health disparities [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adequate consumption of nutritious foods, such as fruits and vegetables, is essential for overall good nutritional health, and the prevention and management of nutrition-related health conditions, such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and some cancers [ 1 - 8 ]. Rural populations face some of the same challenges as urban or suburban counterparts but often at a higher degree of severity [ 9 ]. Both rural men and women have higher rates of self-reported obesity than men and women in other areas; and rural minorities face an added burden of health risk behaviors based on rural residence and race- and ethnicity-related health disparities [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood deprivation, vehicle ownership, and potential spatial access to a variety of fruits and vegetables in a large rural area in Texas

2010

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ObjectiveThere has been limited study of all types of food stores, such as traditional (supercenters, supermarkets, and grocery stores), convenience stores, and non-traditional (dollar stores, mass merchandisers, and pharmacies) as potential opportunities for purchase of fresh and processed (canned and frozen) fruits and vegetables, especially in small-town or rural areas.MethodsData from the Brazos Valley Food Environment Project (BVFEP) are combined with 2000 U.S. Census data for 101 Census block groups (CBG) to examine neighborhood access to fruits and vegetables. BVFEP data included identification and geocoding of all food stores (n = 185) in six rural counties in Texas, using ground-truthed methods and on-site assessment of the availability and variety of fresh and processed fruits and vegetables in all food stores. Access from the population-weighted centroid of each CBG was measured using proximity (minimum network distance) and coverage (number of shopping opportunities) for a good selection of fresh and processed fruits and vegetables. Neighborhood inequalities (deprivation and vehicle ownership) and spatial access for fruits and vegetables were examined using Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test and multivariate regression models.ResultsThe variety of fruits or vegetables was greater at supermarkets compared with grocery stores. Among non-traditional and convenience food stores, the largest variety was found at dollar stores. On average, rural neighborhoods were 9.9 miles to the nearest supermarket, 6.7 miles and 7.4 miles to the nearest food store with a good variety of fresh fruits and vegetables, respectively, and 4.7 miles and 4.5 miles to a good variety of fresh and processed fruits or vegetables. High deprivation or low vehicle ownership neighborhoods had better spatial access to a good variety of fruits and vegetables, both in the distance to the nearest source and in the number of shopping opportunities.ConclusionSupermarkets and grocery stores are no longer the only shopping opportunities for fruits or vegetables. The inclusion of data on availability of fresh or processed fruits or vegetables in the measurements provides robust meaning to the concept of potential access in this large rural area.

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“…While rural populations often encounter similar health-related challenges as those living in urban or suburban areas, these problems are often intensified and may be attributed to limited access to healthcare and community resources [2,5,9,10]. Health-related resources are more difficult to obtain in rural areas because they are often located sparsely throughout the service region, which typically requires these individuals to travel longer periods of time and greater distances across counties spanning larger geospatial areas [4,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Emergency Medical Transportation Needs of Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Rural-Urban Comparison in Delaware, USA

Smith

Prohaska

MacLeod

et al. 2017

IJERPH

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Background: Older adults in rural areas have unique transportation barriers to accessing medical care, which include a lack of mass transit options and considerable distances to health-related services. This study contrasts non-emergency medical transportation (NEMT) service utilization patterns and associated costs for Medicaid middle-aged and older adults in rural versus urban areas. Methods: Data were analyzed from 39,194 NEMT users of LogistiCare-brokered services in Delaware residing in rural (68.3%) and urban (30.9%) areas. Multivariable logistic analyses compared trip characteristics by rurality designation. Results: Rural (37.2%) and urban (41.2%) participants used services more frequently for dialysis than for any other medical concern. Older age and personal accompaniment were more common and wheel chair use was less common for rural trips. The mean cost per trip was greater for rural users (difference of $2910 per trip), which was attributed to the greater distance per trip in rural areas. Conclusions: Among a sample who were eligible for subsidized NEMT and who utilized this service, rural trips tended to be longer and, therefore, higher in cost. Over 50% of trips were made for dialysis highlighting the need to address prevention and, potentially, health service improvements for rural dialysis patients.

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More Efforts Needed to Better Understand Rural Public Health

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Successful Falls Prevention Programming for Older Adults in Texas

Successful Falls Prevention Programming for Older Adults in Texas

Neighborhood deprivation, vehicle ownership, and potential spatial access to a variety of fruits and vegetables in a large rural area in Texas

Non-Emergency Medical Transportation Needs of Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Rural-Urban Comparison in Delaware, USA

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