Morbidity and mortality trends of Covid 19 in top 10 countries

Matta, Shanker; Chopra, K. K.; Arora, Vikram

doi:10.1016/j.ijtb.2020.09.031

Cited by 78 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The mean follow-up procalcitonin levels were 0.5 ± 2.27 ng/ml and 0.11 ± 0.20 ng/ml, respectively (p = 0.005). When adjusted for antibiotic use, the relationship between baseline procalcitonin levels and mortality was no longer significant (p = 0.327, OR: 1.011); however, the association between the follow-up procalcitonin levels and mortality remained significant (p = 0.001, OR: 6.18 [1,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]93]).…”

Section: Detailed Evaluation Of the Procalcitonin-mortality Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mexico shows the highest case-fatality rate in the world (8.6%), followed by Italy, Indonesia, and South Africa [3,4]. The prevalence and death rates vary depending on the geographical area, the transmission rate of the virus, the percentage of the population vulnerable to the infection, the power of the community preventive measures, and the strength of the health care system, i.e., the size of the healthcare workforce, the preparedness of the healthcare system, the state of function of the primary healthcare network, and the numbers of hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) beds, ventilators and health care workers [5][6][7]. Countries with lower death rates have broad access to testing, utilize comprehensive mitigation measures and have powerful health care resources [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The predictors of COVID-19 mortality in a nationwide cohort of Turkish patients

Köktürk¹,

Babayiğit²,

Kül³

et al. 2021

Respiratory Medicine

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The COVID-19-related death rate varies between countries and is affected by various risk factors. This multicenter registry study was designed to evaluate the mortality rate and the related risk factors in Turkey. We retrospectively evaluated 1500 adults with COVID-19 from 26 centers who were hospitalized between March 11 and July 31, 2020. In the study group, 1041 and 459 cases were diagnosed as definite and highly probable cases, respectively. There were 993 PCR-positive cases (66.2%). Among all cases, 1144 (76.3%) were diagnosed with non-severe pneumonia, whereas 212 (14.1%) had severe pneumonia. Death occurred in 67 patients, corresponding to a mortality rate of 4.5% (95% CI:3.5-5.6). The univariate analysis demonstrated that various factors, including male sex, age ≥65 years and the presence of dyspnea or confusion, malignity, chronic obstructive lung disease, interstitial lung disease, immunosuppressive conditions, severe pneumonia, multiorgan dysfunction, and sepsis, were positively associated with mortality. Favipiravir, hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin were not associated with survival. Following multivariate analysis, male sex, severe pneumonia, multiorgan dysfunction, malignancy, sepsis and interstitial lung diseases were found to be independent risk factors for mortality. Among the biomarkers, procalcitonin levels on the 3 rd -5 th days of admission showed the strongest associations with mortality (OR: 6.18; 1.6-23.93). This study demonstrated that the mortality rate in hospitalized patients in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic was a serious threat and that those patients with male sex, severe pneumonia, multiorgan dysfunction, malignancy, sepsis and interstitial lung diseases were at increased risk of mortality; therefore, such patients should be closely monitored.

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Section: Detailed Evaluation Of the Procalcitonin-mortality Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The predictors of COVID-19 mortality in a nationwide cohort of Turkish patients

Köktürk¹,

Babayiğit²,

Kül³

et al. 2021

Respiratory Medicine

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“…Globally, many countries had various forms of restriction to prevent morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19 [ 7 ]. However, only some countries were effective to halt the spread of the disease in which many developing countries including Sub-Saharan African countries failed to stop the spread of disease transmission [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of exposure risks to COVID-19 among frontline health care workers in Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional survey

et al. 2021

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Background The burden to fight with Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has lied to frontline health care workers that are putting themselves at a higher risk in the battle against the disease. This study aimed to assess the exposure health risks of COVID-19 among frontline healthcare workers in the Amhara region, Ethiopia. Method A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted on public health workers from May to August 2020. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire via email and telegram services. Both descriptive statistics and bivariate followed by multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify distribution patterns and factors associated with exposure risks to COVID-19. Odds ratio with 95% Confidence Interval (CI), and a P-value of <0.05 was used to determine statistical significance. Result A total of 418 health care workers participated in the study with a response rate of 99.1%. The majority of the study participants 310(74.2%), were males, and 163(39%) were nurses/ midwives respectively. More than half of the respondents 237(56.7%), had reported that they didn`t have face-to-face contact with a confirmed COVID-19 patient. Among the respondents, 173(41.4%), 147(35.2%), 63(15.1%), and 65(15.6%) of the health professionals had always used gloves, medical masks, face shield, or goggles/protective glasses, and disposable gown, respectively. In this study, age between 25–34 years (AOR = 0.20), age between 35–44 years (AOR = 0.13), family size of >6 (AOR = 3.77), work experience of 21–30 years (AOR = 0.01), and good handwashing habit (AOR = 0.44) were the protective factors against COVID-19. On the other hand, perception of non-exposure to COVD 19 (AOR = 9.56), and poor habit of decontamination of high touch areas (AOR = 2.52) were the risk factors associated with confirmed COVID 19 cases among health care workers. Conclusion Poor adherence to personal protective equipment use and aseptic practices during and after health care interactions with patients were identified. Strategies should be implemented to institute effective and sustainable infection control measures that protect the health care workers from COVID-19 infection.

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“…During this time, there have been marked changes in the availability and approach to testing, in population screening strategies, in mitigation strategies both in the community and within health systems, in how symptomatic patients are managed medically and most recently in the availability of vaccination. However, even prior to the availability of a vaccine and as the number deaths due to COVID-19 across the world continued to climb 27 , several studies described improved outcomes among infected patients after the initial months of the pandemic. Improvements in mortality were reported for patients treated in an 8-hospital health system in Houston, Texas between mid-March and mid-July, in a 3-hospital system in New York between March and August, 2020 26 , and in a single hospital in Milano, Italy between late February and mid-May, 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends over time in the risk of adverse outcomes among patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection

Ioannou

O’Hare

Berry

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Objectives: We aimed to describe trends in the incidence of adverse outcomes among patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between February and September 2020 within a national healthcare system. Setting: US Veterans Affairs national healthcare system. Participants: Enrollees in the VA healthcare system who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between 2/28/2020 and 9/30/2020 (n=55,952). Outcomes: Death, hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mechanical ventilation within 30 days of testing positive. The incidence of these outcomes was examined among patients infected each month and trends were evaluated using an interrupted time-series analysis. Results: Between February and July 2020, during the first wave of the US pandemic, there were marked downward trends in the 30-day incidence of hospitalization (44.2% to 15.8%), ICU admission (20.3% to 5.3%), mechanical ventilation (12.7% to 2.2%), and death (12.5% to 4.4%), with subsequent stabilization between July and September 2020. These trends persisted after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, comorbid conditions, and documented symptoms and after additional adjustment for laboratory test results among hospitalized patients, including among subgroups admitted to the ICU and treated with mechanical ventilation. Among hospitalized patients, use of hydroxychloroquine (56.5% to 0%), azithromycin (48.3% to 16.6%) vasopressors (20.6% to 8.7%), and dialysis (11.6% to 3.8%) decreased while use of dexamethasone (3.4% to 53.1%), other corticosteroids (4.9% to 29.0%) and remdesivir (1.7% to 45.4%) increased from February to September. Conclusions: Among patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in a large national US healthcare system, risk for a range of adverse outcomes decreased markedly between February and July, with subsequent stabilization from July to September. These trends were not explained by changes in measured baseline patient characteristics.

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Morbidity and mortality trends of Covid 19 in top 10 countries

Cited by 78 publications

References 7 publications

The predictors of COVID-19 mortality in a nationwide cohort of Turkish patients

The predictors of COVID-19 mortality in a nationwide cohort of Turkish patients

Assessment of exposure risks to COVID-19 among frontline health care workers in Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional survey

Trends over time in the risk of adverse outcomes among patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection

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