Morbidity and Mortality in Young Patients of Community Acquired Pneumonia Admitted to a Tertiary Care Centre in North India

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: In CAP patients, the mortality rate within 90 days after discharge can be as high as 14% (this is in addition to the inpatient mortality referred to early) and considerably higher than in the general population or in those hospitalized for other reasons. However, the mortality & morbidity data in young patients of CAP (≤60 years) is sparse, this is the reason for undertaking this study. AIMS & OBJECTIVES: To study the 90 day mortality /morbidity and complications in young patients of CAP (≤60 years). MATERIALS & METHODS: 100 cases, 60 years old or younger, who were diagnosed as CAP (defined as pneumonia identified 48 hours or less from hospitalization) were studied for morbidity (complications and/or ≥10 days hospital admission and/or admission to ICU) and the 90-day mortality was calculated. RESULTS: Sepsis was significantly present in complicated hospitalisations (p value <.001). Also CCF (p value =.002) and shock (p value=.023) were significantly present in complicated group. Elevated CURB SCORE (≥2) and PSI (≥2) were significantly associated with 90 day mortality and present in complicated hospitalisation compared to uncomplicated ones. CONCLUSIONS: Young patients with CAP who had higher CURB/PSI score had higher mortality and morbidity. Also patients in complicated hospitalisation group had higher rate of associated complications and vice versa. Keywords: Community Acquired Pneumonia, CURB-65, Pneumonia severity Index (PSI).