“…Oil price affects the growth and development of oil-dependent economies and economic activities of many industrialized countries world over. A body of studies in the literature looked at the impact of oil price on macroeconomic variables such as GDP, interest rate, inflation rate, stock prices and food prices, oil supply shock, oil demand shock, and oil inventory, among others (Refs [ [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] ]). Recently, Gon, Chen and Lin [ 10 ] argue that the impact of nonmarket factors, such as epidemic disease, prevalence conflict and war, are more important in determination of oil prices.…”