Mood‐Enhancing Antidepressant St. John's Wort Inhibits the Activation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Gene Expression by Ultraviolet Light

Taher, Mohiuddin M.; Lammering, Guido; Hershey, Chad M.; Valerie, Kristoffer

doi:10.1080/15216540216039

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…While PPME-PDT induces NF-kB activation in various cell lines (Matroule and Piette, 2000a;Volanti et al, 2002), no NF-kB activation is observed upon HYP-PDT (Hendrickx et al, 2003). In addition, HYP has been described as an NF-kB inhibitor in HeLa and T10 cells after UVB, PMA or TNF-a stimulation (Bork et al, 1999;Taher et al, 2002). This was confirmed in this work by the absence of p38, JNK and Erk-1,2 activation in both HeLa and T24 cells photosensitized by PPME.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct transduction mechanisms of cyclooxygenase 2 gene activation in tumour cells after photodynamic therapy

et al. 2005

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct transduction mechanisms of cyclooxygenase 2 gene activation in tumour cells after photodynamic therapy

et al. 2005

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“…John's wort potently inhibits UV-induced activation of HIV gene expression in stably transfected HIVcat/HeLa cells, in a dose-dependent manner. Since hypericin is known to exhibit a similar inhibitory property, it is likely to be the active constituent of St. John's wort (Taher et al, 2002).…”

Section: Polyphenolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Naturally derived anti‐HIV agents

Asres

Seyoum

Veeresham

et al. 2005

Phytotherapy Research

148

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The urgent need for new anti-HIV/AIDS drugs is a global concern. In addition to obvious economical and commercial hurdles, HIV/AIDS patients are faced with multifarious difficulties associated with the currently approved anti-HIV drugs. Adverse effects, the emergence of drug resistance and the narrow spectrum of activity have limited the therapeutic usefulness of the various reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitors that are currently available on the market. This has driven many scientists to look for new anti-retrovirals with better efficacy, safety and affordability. As has always been the case in the search for cures, natural sources offer great promise. Several natural products, mostly of plant origin have been shown to possess promising activities that could assist in the prevention and/or amelioration of the disease. Many of these anti-HIV agents have other medicinal values as well, which afford them further prospective as novel leads for the development of new drugs that can deal with both the virus and the various disorders that characterize HIV/AIDS. The aim of this review is to report new discoveries and updates pertaining to anti-HIV natural products. In the review anti-HIV agents have been classified according to their chemical classes rather than their target in the HIV replicative cycle, which is the most frequently encountered approach. Perusal of the literature revealed that most of these promising naturally derived anti-HIV compounds are flavonoids, coumarins, terpenoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, polysaccharides or proteins. It is our strong conviction that the results and experiences with many of the anti-HIV natural products will inspire and motivate even more researchers to look for new leads from plants and other natural sources.

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“…Hypericin is a secondary metabolite of Hypericum perforatum, which is effective against depression and anxiety and active against several viruses, including cytomegalovius, human papillomavirus, papillomavirus, and herpes [20][21][22] . Cell cultures of H. perforatum provide an alternative way to produce hypericin owing to the scarcity of H. perforatum in the world and extremely low levels of the compound in the plant.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Signal interaction between nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide in heat shock-induced hypericin production of Hypericum perforatum suspension cells

Dong

Zhang

2008

SCI CHINA SER C

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Heat shock (HS, 40 degrees C, 10 min) induces hypericin production, nitric oxide (NO) generation, and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) accumulation of Hypericum perforatum suspension cells. Catalase (CAT) and NO specific scavenger 2-4-carboxyphenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO) suppress not only the HS-induced H(2)O(2) generation and NO burst, but also the HS-triggered hypericin production. Hypericin contents of the cells treated with both NO and H(2)O(2) are significantly higher than those of the cells treated with NO alone, although H(2)O(2) per se has no effects on hypericin production of the cells, which suggests the synergistic action between H(2)O(2) and NO on hypericin production. NO treatment enhances H(2)O(2) levels of H. perforatum cells, while external application of H(2)O(2) induces NO generation of cells. Thus, the results reveal a mutually amplifying action between H(2)O(2) and NO in H. perforatum cells. CAT treatment inhibits both HS-induced H(2)O(2) accumulation and NO generation, while cPTIO can also suppress H(2)O(2) levels of the heat shocked cells. The results imply that H(2)O(2) and NO may enhance each other's levels by their mutually amplifying action in the heat shocked cells. Membrane NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor diphenylene iodonium (DPI) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor S,S'-1,3-phenylene-bis(1,2-ethanediyl)-bis-isothiourea (PBITU) not only inhibit the mutually amplifying action between H(2)O(2) and NO but also abolish the synergistic effects of H(2)O(2) and NO on hypericin production, showing that the synergism of H(2)O(2) and NO on secondary metabolite biosynthesis might be dependent on their mutual amplification. Taken together, data of the present work demonstrate that both H(2)O(2) and NO are essential for HS-induced hypericin production of H. perforatum suspension cells. Furthermore, the results reveal a special interaction between the two signal molecules in mediating HS-triggered secondary metabolite biosynthesis of the cells.

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Mood‐Enhancing Antidepressant St. John's Wort Inhibits the Activation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Gene Expression by Ultraviolet Light

Abstract: Summary Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a potent activator of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gene expression in a HeLa

Cited by 18 publications

References 37 publications

Distinct transduction mechanisms of cyclooxygenase 2 gene activation in tumour cells after photodynamic therapy

Distinct transduction mechanisms of cyclooxygenase 2 gene activation in tumour cells after photodynamic therapy

Naturally derived anti‐HIV agents

Signal interaction between nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide in heat shock-induced hypericin production of Hypericum perforatum suspension cells

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