Mood configurations and their relationship to immune system responses: Exploring the relationship between moods, immune system responses, thyroid hormones, and social support

Abstract

Analyzing data on 2,057 healthy subjects in the Dutch Lifelines database we explore the relationship between immune system responses, thyroid hormone functioning and people’s mood that is expected to be moderated by social support. We focus (1) on the innate immune system cell count: monocytes, eosinophil granulocytes, basophilic granulocytes, neutrophil granulocytes; and thrombocytes; and (2) on the adaptive immune system cell count: lymphocytes (T, B and NK cells). Moods were measured on the positive (PA) and negative (NA) dimensions of the PANAS scale, divided in four groups based on their PA and NA median scores: hedonic, positive mood, negative mood and anhedonic. We focus further on (3) thyroid cells: T3 and T4; and (4) on social support. We found significant differences between mood groups and mean cell counts for basophilic granulocytes and thrombocytes but not for monocytes, eosinophil granulocytes and neutrophil granulocytes in the innate immune system. However, in the adaptive immune system we found mean lymphocyte cell counts to be different in all four mood groups. We also found that T3 and T4 levels differ significantly across all mood groups and work in very close association with lymphocytes to activate the adaptive immune system. These differences were most significant in the hedonic and anhedonic groups. The findings allow us to better understand mood groups, especially the hedonic and anhedonic groups, and open up new avenues for intervention.

Neuroinflammation, Sleep, and Circadian Rhythms

“…The innate immune system is present in simple life forms and is largely used in more developed life forms such as vertebrates including rodents and humans ( Riera Romo et al., 2016 ). The innate immune system functions include recruiting immune cells to infections sites, producing cell signaling molecules called cytokines, identification of foreign substances including bacteria, viruses, and protozoa, activation of complement cascades, clearing antibody complexes and dead cells, activating the adaptive immune system through antigen presentation of antigen presenting cells (APCs), altering the vascular system to protect the spread of pathogens or damaging substances, and regulates non-immunological functions such as cognition, and mood, and sleep ( Zielinski and Krueger, 2011 ; Filiano et al., 2015 ; Riera Romo et al., 2016 ; Masih et al., 2019 ). Based on the visual observations of Celsius and Galen near the beginning of the common era, five cardinal signs of inflammation were identified including rubor (i.e., redness), tumor (i.e., swelling), calor (i.e., increased temperature), dolor (i.e., pain, and function laesa (i.e., loss of function) ( Tracy, 2006 ).…”

Halalopathy: Revival of Miraculous Cure and Creation of Favourable Circumstances for Cancer Therapy

“…Hence, if the physician is avoided, it is possible to regain the potential by avoiding/resisting the state of fear and/or grief and replacing it with the state of positivity, the state that is full of potential, optimism, joy, smiles, and hope; and if that still doesn't work, one can seek support, from friends who have a positive personality, who believe that with adversity comes lightness and relief. Meeting with a person who has a negative character is forbidden, as such a personality would complicate the situation (Figure 1) [17].…”

Halalopathy: Anxiety and Depression from Logic and Energetic Perspectives

“…However, if this is not enough, support can be sought from a psychologist or friends, who have a positive personality, who believe that with adversity comes ease and relief. A meeting with a person who has a negative character is forbidden, as such a personality would distract potential energy and complicate the situation [32].…”