Mood and Behaviors of Adolescents With Depression in a Longitudinal Study Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Sadeghi, Neda; Fors, Payton Q; Eisner, Lillian; Taigman, Jeremy; Qi, Karen; Gorham, Lisa S.; Camp, Christopher C.; O’Callaghan, Georgia; McGuire, Jerry; Garth, Erin M; Engel, Chana; Davis, Mollie; Towbin, Kenneth E.; Stringaris, Argyris; Nielson, Dylan

doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2022.04.004

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Analyzing the subsamples divided by diagnoses, we found that the adolescents with anxiety disorder, mood disorder, specific learning disorder, behavioral disorder and epilepsy showed a global worsening in all the CBCL scales. In agreement with our data, previous literature studies had shown a worsening of psychological well-being during the lockdown in patients with epilepsy and learning disabilities [ 28 , 29 , 59 , 60 , 61 ] probably due to difficulties with distance learning; in contrast with our results, a larger sample study found that both depressive and anxiety symptoms were lower for adolescents with mood disorders during the pandemic compared to before [ 62 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Adolescents with Neuropsychiatric Disorders during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Focus on Emotional Well-Being and Parental Stress

et al. 2022

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(1) Introduction: The aim of our research was to explore emotional/behavioral changes in adolescents with neuropsychiatric conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic, and parental stress levels through a standardized assessment, comparing the data collected before and during the first months of lockdown. Moreover, an additional goal was to detect a possible relationship between emotional/behavioural symptoms of adolescents and the stress levels of their parents. (2) Methods: We enrolled 178 Italian adolescents aged between 12–18 that were referred to the Child Neuropsychiatry Unit of the University Hospital of Salerno with different neuropsychiatric diagnoses. Two standardized questionnaires were provided to all parents for the assessment of parental stress (PSI-Parenting Stress Index-Short Form) and the emotional/behavioral problems of their children (Child Behaviour Check List). The data collected from questionnaires administered during the six months preceding the pandemic, as is our usual clinical practice, were compared to those recorded during the pandemic. (3) Results: The statistical comparison of PSI and CBCL scores before/during the pandemic showed a statistically significant increase in all subscales in the total sample. The correlation analysis highlighted a significant positive relationship between Parental Stress and Internalizing/Externalizing symptoms of adolescent patients. Age and gender did not significantly affect CBCL and PSI scores, while the type of diagnosis could affect behavioral symptoms and parental stress. (4) Conclusions: our study suggests that the lockdown and the containment measures adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic could have aggravated the emotional/behavioral symptoms of adolescents with neuropsychiatric disorders and the stress of their parents. Further studies should be conducted in order to monitor the evolution of these aspects over time.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Adolescents with Neuropsychiatric Disorders during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Focus on Emotional Well-Being and Parental Stress

et al. 2022

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“…The clinical cohort seemed to be resilient in the face of the pandemic, confirming previous reports for depression from the early stages of the pandemic 10,11,35 and further indicating that this effect persisted as the pandemic progressed. By contrast, and in agreement with previous assessments of depression in adults 9 and adolescents, 12 young people without depressive or eating disorder symptoms showed an increase in these symptoms during the pandemic, whereas those with the highest pre-pandemic risk experienced a decrease. However, it should be noted that symptoms in the higher-risk groups remained much higher than those of individuals without prior symptoms, and that patients are more vulnerable to some stressful situations due to the pandemic.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Differing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on youth mental health: combined population and clinical study

Qi,

Zhang,

Robinson

et al. 2023

BJPsych open

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Background Identifying youths most at risk to COVID-19-related mental illness is essential for the development of effective targeted interventions. Aims To compare trajectories of mental health throughout the pandemic in youth with and without prior mental illness and identify those most at risk of COVID-19-related mental illness. Method Data were collected from individuals aged 18–26 years (N = 669) from two existing cohorts: IMAGEN, a population-based cohort; and ESTRA/STRATIFY, clinical cohorts of individuals with pre-existing diagnoses of mental disorders. Repeated COVID-19 surveys and standardised mental health assessments were used to compare trajectories of mental health symptoms from before the pandemic through to the second lockdown. Results Mental health trajectories differed significantly between cohorts. In the population cohort, depression and eating disorder symptoms increased by 33.9% (95% CI 31.78–36.57) and 15.6% (95% CI 15.39–15.68) during the pandemic, respectively. By contrast, these remained high over time in the clinical cohort. Conversely, trajectories of alcohol misuse were similar in both cohorts, decreasing continuously (a 15.2% decrease) during the pandemic. Pre-pandemic symptom severity predicted the observed mental health trajectories in the population cohort. Surprisingly, being relatively healthy predicted increases in depression and eating disorder symptoms and in body mass index. By contrast, those initially at higher risk for depression or eating disorders reported a lasting decrease. Conclusions Healthier young people may be at greater risk of developing depressive or eating disorder symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Targeted mental health interventions considering prior diagnostic risk may be warranted to help young people cope with the challenges of psychosocial stress and reduce the associated healthcare burden.

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“…Our results underline the clinical observation that, contrary to what was initially expected ( Guessoum et al, 2020 ), the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health wellbeing was more important on youths who were not having mental disorder before the pandemic. In the same way, Sadeghi et al (2022) found that anxiety and depressive symptoms were lower for adolescents with depression during the pandemic compared to before; in contrast, healthy volunteers showed higher depression score during the pandemic than before ( Sadeghi et al, 2022 ). The pandemic came with social distancing measures and school closures which in fact could have been a relief for young people with depression who were already in difficulties with their peers, or in failure in learning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

A retrospective cohort study comparing the social, familial and clinical characteristics of adolescents admitted to a French Emergency Department in suicidal crisis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

LAUWERIE

SIBUT

MAILLET-VIOUD

et al. 2023

Psychiatry Research

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Mood and Behaviors of Adolescents With Depression in a Longitudinal Study Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Cited by 11 publications

References 49 publications

Adolescents with Neuropsychiatric Disorders during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Focus on Emotional Well-Being and Parental Stress

Adolescents with Neuropsychiatric Disorders during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Focus on Emotional Well-Being and Parental Stress

Differing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on youth mental health: combined population and clinical study

A retrospective cohort study comparing the social, familial and clinical characteristics of adolescents admitted to a French Emergency Department in suicidal crisis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

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