MoO_3–x Nanowire Arrays As Stable and High-Capacity Anodes for Lithium Ion Batteries

Abstract

In this study, vertical nanowire arrays of MoO(3-x) grown on metallic substrates with diameters of ~90 nm show high-capacity retention of ~630 mAhg(-1) for up to 20 cycles at 50 mAg(-1) current density. Particularly, they exhibit a capacity retention of ~500 mAhg(-1) in the voltage window of 0.7-0.1 V, much higher than the theoretical capacity of graphite. In addition, 10 nm Si-coated MoO(3-x) nanowire arrays have shown a capacity retention of ~780 mAhg(-1), indicating that hybrid materials are the next generation materials for lithium ion batteries.

The Capacity and Durability of Amorphous Silicon Nanotube Thin Film Anode for Lithium Ion Battery Applications

“…Such behavior has been observed in other anode materials systems. 9,25 The first cycle charging (lithium alloying) has a slope at the region between 0.3-0.002 V. After the first cycle, the charge and discharge profile shows the sloping curves of lithium intercalation with Li x Si. The average charge potential is around ∼0.2 V and discharge potential of ∼0.4 V, suggesting a low average potential of ∼0.1 V, which means silicon nanotube anode is a good electrode with low charge/discharge hysteresis.…”

“…4,5 The improved performance of nanometer size materials is due to the smaller domain size compare to the critical size for the fracture which is estimated to be about 300 nm for Si. 6 Using this hypothesis, several 0-D and 1-D morphologies at nanoscale have been tried; they include nanoparticles, 7 nanowires, 8,9 Si thin films 10,11 and silicon/graphene 12,13 composites. In the case of Si thin films, the main advantage is that they are free from conductive additives and binders which simplify their characterization and use.…”

“…9 Low durability with cycling has been attributed to several processes such as: the formation of metal silicides from the substrate-silicon reactions, 19 the detachment of nanowires from the current collector due to mismatched volume changes between the substrate and the nanostructure during lithiation and delithiation 20 and the low yield of synthesized nanowires. 17 Silicon nanotubes are attractive nanostructures for lithium ion battery applications due to the hollowness that offers additional space for the expansion during lithiation/delithiation process preventing the mechanical pulverization of silicon.…”

Diverse Adsorption/Desorption Abilities Originating from the Nanostructural Morphology of VOC Gas Sensing Devices Based on Molybdenum Trioxide Nanorod Arrays

“…This may be because it is difficult to grow MoO 3 nanorods in the vertical direction by simple methods. MoO 3 nanorod arrays have been synthesized by several methods, such as thermal evaporation, [38] pulsed electron beam, [39] RF sputtering, [40] and chemical vapor deposition, [41] all of which are time consuming and require complicated vacuum systems. Recently, Zheng et al [42] reported a two-step solution-based route to synthesize MoO 3 nanorod arrays by firstly depositing a seed layer and subsequent hydrothermal treatment to directly grow well-aligned MoO 3 and MoO 2 nanorods on metallic substrates.…”

A New Way to Prepare MoO3/C as Anode of Lithium ion Battery for Enhancing the Electrochemical Performance at Room Temperature

“…To overcome these drawbacks, different MoO 3 nanostructures have been prepared for enhancing their electrochemical performance. The preparation of MoO 3 as nanobelts [12], nanorods [13], nanowires [14] and nanosheets [15,16] has been widely investigated. In addition, it has been confirmed that the electrochemical performance is strongly related to the electrical conductivity of the electrodes.…”