Tod, 25 km south of Luxor, is the site of the ancient city of
Djerty
(Greek, Tuphium) associated with the cult of Montu, a military and protective god. Established during the Old Kingdom (twenty‐sixth century
bce
), with most temple construction dating to the Middle Kingdom (ca. 2050–1750
bce
) and Ptolemaic periods (220–120
bce
), it was connected with four other cult centers of the god, forming a protective zone around the Theban Nome. The temple was last added to in the second century
ce
and remained in use for some time after that.