Monthly Variations of Phytoplankton Community in Geoje-Hansan Bay of the Southern Part of Korea Based on HPLC Pigment Analysis

Kang, Jung Eun; Lee, Jae Hyung; Kim, Hyung Chul; Lee, Won Chan; Lee, Dabin; Jo, Naeun; Min, Jun‐Oh; Lee, Sang‐Heon

doi:10.2112/si85-072.1

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…HPLC measurements were performed on an Agilent 1200 HPLC system (Agilent infinite 1260, Agilent, United States) and the separating column was used Zobrax Eclipse XDB C8 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm, Agilent Technologies). The same analysis procedures of Kang et al (2018) were performed for quantifying of pigment concentrations. As suggested by Mackey et al (1996) , the contribution of various phytoplankton classes could be estimated by the ratio of each diagnostic pigment to total chl- a using the CHEMTAX program.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Biochemical Compositions of Particulate Organic Matter Driven by Major Phytoplankton Communities in the Northwestern Ross Sea

Kim

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Marine particulate organic matter (POM) largely derived from phytoplankton is a primary food source for upper trophic consumers. Their biochemical compositions are important for heterotrophs. Especially, essential amino acids (EAAs) in phytoplankton are well known to have impacts on the survival and egg productions of herbivorous zooplankton. To estimate the nutritional quality of POM, the biochemical compositions [biomolecular and amino acid (AA) compositions] of POM were investigated in the northwestern Ross Sea during the late austral summer in 2018. Carbohydrates (CHO) accounted for the highest portion among different biomolecules [CHO, proteins (PRT), and lipids (LIP)] of POM. However, the higher contribution of PRT and lower contribution of CHO were observed in the southern section of our study area compared to those in the northern section. The spatial distribution of total hydrolyzable AAs in POM was considerably influenced by phytoplankton biomass, which indicates that the main source of particulate AA was generated by phytoplankton. Our results showed that the relative contribution of EAA to the total AAs was strongly associated with EAA index (EAAI) for determining protein quality. This result indicates that higher EAA contribution in POM suggests a better protein quality in consistency with high EAAI values. In this study, variations in the biochemical compositions in POM were principally determined by two different bloom-forming taxa (diatoms and Phaeocystis antarctica). The southern region dominated majorly by diatoms was positively correlated with PRT, EAA, and EAAI indicating a good protein quality, while P. antarctica-abundant northern region with higher CHO contribution was negatively correlated with good protein quality factors. Climate-driven environmental changes could alter not only the phytoplankton community but also the physiological conditions of phytoplankton. Our findings could provide a better understanding for future climate-induced changes in the biochemical compositions of phytoplankton and consequently their potential impacts on higher trophic levels.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Biochemical Compositions of Particulate Organic Matter Driven by Major Phytoplankton Communities in the Northwestern Ross Sea

Kim

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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“…to the laboratory immediately after the cruise. Acetone-extracted phytoplankton pigments were separated and characterized by the method described in Kim et al (2009Kim et al ( , 2020 and Kang et al (2018). The pigment analysis was completed within 1 month after the cruise.…”

Section: Sampling Sites and Water Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interannual Variation in Phytoplankton Community Driven by Environmental Factors in the Northern East China Sea

et al. 2022

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The relative importance of interannual environmental changes in shaping phytoplankton community structure remains unclear in the East China Sea (ECS), which is the largest marginal sea in the western North Pacific Ocean. Based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of a variety of photosynthetic pigments, we investigated spatiotemporal variations in the phytoplankton community in the northern East China Sea (NECS) from 2018 to 2020 to understand biomass and compositional responses to environmental conditions in a complex current system. Correlation heatmaps and generalized additive models (GAMs) were used to explore the variations in major phytoplankton groups and their relationships to temperature, salinity, depth, and nutrients. The results indicated that the phytoplankton community structure was significantly different between 2018/2019 and 2020. Under the conditions of high dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and low dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) concentrations in winter 2020, cryptophytes replaced diatoms as the dominant species and were observed for the first time in this study area. Dinoflagellates predominated throughout the euphotic zone in spring 2020, and statistical analysis showed that dinoflagellates tended to prevail at low DIP and high DIN conditions compared with diatoms. Summer was the only season with strong water stratification that reoccurred every year, and diatoms were mainly concentrated at nutrient-enriched 1% light depths in the summers of 2018/2019. However, a large amount of Changjiang River Diluted Water (CDW) from the surface and western part of the study area affected all sampling sites eastward to 126°E in 2020, allowing diatoms to be dominant at 100% and 30% light depths in the westernmost stations in the NECS. In autumn 2020, diatoms decreased significantly because of DIP-limited environmental conditions and were replaced by small phytoplankton. Under expected warming ocean scenarios with human-induced nutrient inputs, small phytoplankton will become dominant, while spring dinoflagellate blooms will occur more frequently in the NECS. International monitoring programs for marine ecosystems are currently needed in the ECS.

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“…Samples for phytoplankton pigment concentrations were filtered through 47-mm GF/F filters, stored in a deep freezer (−80°C), and transferred to the home laboratory at Pusan National University, Busan, Korea, immediately after the cruise. Pigments were extracted in 100% acetone (5 ml) with canthaxanthin (100 µl) as an internal standard, and the specific pigment methods are described in Kang et al (2018) and Kim et al (2020). Quantification was performed using standards from DHI water (Denmark), and the following pigments were detected and quantified: chlorophyll-a, peridinin (perid), 19′-butanoyloxy-fucoxanthin (19but), fucoxanthin (fuco), 19′hexanoyloxy-fucoxanthin (19hex), neoxanthin (neo), prasinoxanthin (prasin), violaxanthin (viola), alloxanthin (allo), lutein, zeaxanthin (zea), and chlorophyll-b (chl_b).…”

Section: Pigment Concentrations and Chemtax Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal distribution of phytoplankton community in relation to environmental factors in the southern coastal waters of Korea

Sun

Youn²,

Oh³

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The spatial and temporal environmental conditions in the southern coastal waters of Korea (SCWK) as a complex area, which is influenced by both ocean currents and anthropogenic nutrient inputs, are highly variable. The impacts of environmental factors on the distribution of phytoplankton community structure in the SCWK remain unclear. Based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of a variety of photosynthetic pigments, spatial and temporal variations in phytoplankton community compositions were investigated in the SCWK. Cluster analysis, correlation analysis, and generalized additive models (GAMs) were used to explore the major phytoplankton groups and their response patterns to temperature, salinity, depth, and macronutrients. The results indicated that diatoms were the absolute dominant groups in the SCWK for all seasons, especially in cold seasons. Diatoms mainly concentrated at 1% light depths, while high chlorophyll-a concentrations (>3 µg/L) occurred at 100% and 30% light depths with good light conditions. Both clustering and correlation analyses showed that diatoms had a strong positive correlation with macronutrients such as dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP), and dissolved silica (DSi). The temperature and salinity discrepancy between surface and bottom layers in summer caused a strong water stratification resulting in blocking nutrient-rich bottom water upwelling and leading cyanobacteria to become the dominant groups at 100% and 30% light depths in summer. Consistently, the cyanobacteria were highly associated with high temperature and low salinity in the correlation analysis and GAM results. Compared with diatom-predominant sites, cryptophytes and diatom-dominated sites are characterized by higher average excess nitrate (ExN). Further research on the responses of small-sized prokaryotic phytoplankton especially cyanobacteria to environmental variations and their primary production contributions would warrant a better understanding of the SCWK ecosystem.

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Monthly Variations of Phytoplankton Community in Geoje-Hansan Bay of the Southern Part of Korea Based on HPLC Pigment Analysis

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Different Biochemical Compositions of Particulate Organic Matter Driven by Major Phytoplankton Communities in the Northwestern Ross Sea

Different Biochemical Compositions of Particulate Organic Matter Driven by Major Phytoplankton Communities in the Northwestern Ross Sea

Interannual Variation in Phytoplankton Community Driven by Environmental Factors in the Northern East China Sea

Spatial and temporal distribution of phytoplankton community in relation to environmental factors in the southern coastal waters of Korea

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