Montelukast attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiac injury in rats

Abstract

<jats:p> This study investigates the possible protective effects of montelukast (MNT) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiac injury, in comparison to dexamethasone (DEX), a standard anti-inflammatory. Male Sprague Dawley rats (160–180 g) were assigned to five groups ( n = 8/group): (1) control; (2) LPS (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.)); (3) LPS + MNT (10 mg/kg, per os (p.o.)); (4) LPS + MNT (20 mg/kg, p.o.); and (5) LPS + DEX (1 mg/kg, i.p.). Twenty-four hours after LPS injection, heart/body weight (BW) ratio and percent survival of rats were determined. Serum total protein, creatine kinase muscle/brain (CK-MB), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were measured. Heart samples were taken for histological assessment and for determination of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) contents. Cardiac tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) expression was evaluated immunohistochemically. LPS significantly increased heart/BW ratio, serum CK-MB, ALP, and LDH activities and decreased percent survival and serum total protein levels. MDA content increased in heart tissues with a concomitant reduction in GSH content. Immunohistochemical staining of heart specimens from LPS-treated rats revealed high expression of TNF-α. MNT significantly reduced percent mortality and suppressed the release of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers when compared with LPS group. Additionally, MNT effectively preserved tissue morphology as evidenced by histological evaluation. MNT (20 mg/kg) was more effective in alleviating LPS-induced heart injury when compared with both MNT (10 mg/kg) and DEX (1 mg/kg), as evidenced by decrease in positive staining by TNF-α immunohistochemically, decrease MDA, and increase GSH content in heart tissue. This study demonstrates that MNT might have cardioprotective effects against the inflammatory process during endotoxemia. This effect can be attributed to its antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory properties. </jats:p>

Protective Effect of Montelukast against Cadmium Induced Pituitary Gland Toxicity

“…The antioxidant enzymes which were depleted by oxidative stress of Cd were restored by ML. the antioxidant effects of ML were reported by other authors [12,51,52]. ML has direct free radical scavenger ability in addition to the antiinflammatory properties which itself diminish the oxidative stress effect on tissues.…”

The Evaluation of the Ameliorative Effect of Montelukast Against Arsenic Trioxide-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats

“…Montelukast also decreased cardiac tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) expression and heart tissue morphological changes in comparison with the lipopolysaccharide group. This study suggested that the cardioprotective effects of montelukast could be attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties (28).…”

Attenuation of acute systemic inflammatory response after valve surgery

“…This is in agreement with the previous studies and confirm that montelukast, at high doses, might have cardioprotective effects during endotoxemia attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. 13,14 It is also effective in reducing levels of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced heart injury and decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, one of LPS-end products. 13 Malondialdehyde (MDA) also has a potent role in inflammation, and it can increase the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) contents in heart tissue.…”

“…13,14 It is also effective in reducing levels of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced heart injury and decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, one of LPS-end products. 13 Malondialdehyde (MDA) also has a potent role in inflammation, and it can increase the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) contents in heart tissue. 13 Medical treatment with montelukast supplements was also beneficial in increasing the percentage of the EF among the montelukast-treated group as compareed to the Control group (Fig.…”

“…13 Malondialdehyde (MDA) also has a potent role in inflammation, and it can increase the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) contents in heart tissue. 13 Medical treatment with montelukast supplements was also beneficial in increasing the percentage of the EF among the montelukast-treated group as compareed to the Control group (Fig. 5).…”