Montelukast and Acute Coronary Syndrome: The Endowed Drug

Alomair, Basil Mohammed; Al-Kuraishy, Hayder M; Al-Gareeb, Ali I; Al‐Hamash, Sadiq M.; Waard, Michel De; Sabatier, Jean‐Marc; Saad, Hebatallah M.; Batiha, Gaber El‐Saber

doi:10.3390/ph15091147

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Dumont et al found that CoQ10 had a potential effect on the reduction of βA pathology and improve cognition in the transgenic mice model of AD [ 70 ]. Thus, treatment with CoQ10 could be effective in the management of AD by reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory changes [ 71 , 72 , 73 ].…”

Section: Statins and Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Statins Use in Alzheimer Disease: Bane or Boon from Frantic Search and Narrative Review

et al. 2022

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was used to describe pre-senile dementia to differentiate it from senile dementia, which develops in the adult age group of more than 65 years. AD is characterized by the deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque and tau-neurofibrillary tangles (TNTs) in the brain. The neuropathological changes in AD are related to the deposition of amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and progression of neuroinflammation, neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy dysfunction, and cholinergic synaptic dysfunction. Statins are one of the main cornerstone drugs for the management of cardiovascular disorders regardless of dyslipidemia status. Increasing the use of statins, mainly in the elderly groups for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, may affect their cognitive functions. Extensive and prolonged use of statins may affect cognitive functions in healthy subjects and dementia patients. Statins-induced cognitive impairments in both patients and health providers had been reported according to the post-marketing survey. This survey depends mainly on sporadic cases, and no cognitive measures were used. Evidence from prospective and observational studies gives no robust conclusion regarding the beneficial or detrimental effects of statins on cognitive functions in AD patients. Therefore, this study is a narrative review aimed with evidences to the beneficial, detrimental, and neutral effects of statins on AD.

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Section: Statins and Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Statins Use in Alzheimer Disease: Bane or Boon from Frantic Search and Narrative Review

et al. 2022

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“…In addition, among Indian cancer patients with inadequate or deficient blood levels of vitamin D, an increase in VDR expression was seen in 110 cases of oral neoplasms, premalignant nodules, and oral cancer [ 21 ]. In addition, ACS pathophysiology includes the activation of inflammatory pathways, such as the leukotriene pathway, with subsequent reduction in several anti-inflammatory mediators, such as vaspin, and releases of multiple proinflammatory mediators that cause inflammatory changes and induce thrombosis via stimulation of platelets and coagulation factors, resulting in subsequent cardiac thrombosis [ 22 , 23 ]. Thus, maintain VDR gene expression by supplementation of ACS patients with vitamin D may be considered crucial for optimal management due to its anti-inflammatory and antiplatelets effects [ 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on the Clinical Outcomes and Epigenetic Markers in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

et al. 2023

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Vitamin D has recently been found to influence the renin-angiotensin system (RAS); it can reduce the effects of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASI) by decreasing plasma renin. This study examines the effect of vitamin D supplements on cardiac fibrosis markers, echocardiographic parameters, and epigenetic markers in patients with established acute coronary syndrome (ACS). It also looks at the incidence of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms Apa I (rs7975232), Bsm I (rs1544410), Taq I (rs731236), and Fok I (rs2228570) and its association with the development of secondary major acute cardiovascular events (MACE) and heart failure (HF). A randomized controlled trial in which patients were divided into two groups was performed. Group 1 comprised of 125 ACS patients who received ACS standard therapy alone, while Group 2 consisted of 125 ACS patients who received ACS standard therapy plus vitamin D according to their vitamin D levels. Patients were monitored for 24 months to find subsequent MACE and HF. Vitamin D therapy for ACS patients resulted in a substantial decline in end systolic and end diastolic volumes (p = 0.0075 and 0.002, respectively), procollagen type III N-terminal peptide (PIIINP) and soluble ST2 levels (p = 0.007 and 0.001, respectively), as well as in ejection fraction and vitamin D level (p = 0.0001 and 0.008, respectively). In addition, vitamin D treatment was linked to a significant decline in the levels of noncoding RNA, such as mir361, lncRNA MEG3, and lncRNA Chaer (p = 2.9 × 10−4, 2.2 × 10−6, and 1.2 × 10−5, respectively). Furthermore, patients who suffered MACE had significantly higher levels of the Bsm I CC and Fok I GG genotypes (p = 4.8 × 10−4 and 0.003, respectively), while patients with HF had significantly higher levels of the Taq I AA genotype (p = 4.2 × 10−7). Supplementing ACS patients with vitamin D has been demonstrated to limit cardiac fibrosis and echocardiographic parameters, as well as epigenetic markers. Additionally, MACE and HF among ACS patients may be related to genetic variations among VDR gene polymorphisms.

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“…COVID-19-induced arrhythmia may increase the risk of ACS through the induction of mismatching between oxygen demand and requirement. 93 The most common arrhythmia related to SARS-CoV-2 infection is sinus tachycardia, with palpitations as the principal clinical presentation. 94 Notably, heart rate in infection is simply a marker of a severe clinical condition and a high systemic response to sepsis at presentation.…”

Section: Arrhythmiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential role of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in acute coronary syndrome and type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI): Intertwining spread

Alsaidan

Al-Kuraishy

Al-Gareeb

et al. 2023

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a novel pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). It has been shown that SARS‐CoV‐2 infection‐induced inflammatory and oxidative stress and associated endothelial dysfunction may lead to the development of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Therefore, this review aimed to ascertain the link between severe SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and ACS. ACS is a spectrum of acute myocardial ischemia due to a sudden decrease in coronary blood flow, ranging from unstable angina to myocardial infarction (MI). Primary or type 1 MI (T1MI) is mainly caused by coronary plaque rupture and/or erosion with subsequent occlusive thrombosis. Secondary or type 2 MI (T2MI) is due to cardiac and systemic disorders without acute coronary atherothrombotic disruption. Acute SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is linked with the development of nonobstructive coronary disorders such as coronary vasospasm, dilated cardiomyopathy, myocardial fibrosis, and myocarditis. Furthermore, SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is associated with systemic inflammation that might affect coronary atherosclerotic plaque stability through augmentation of cardiac preload and afterload. Nevertheless, major coronary vessels with atherosclerotic plaques develop minor inflammation during COVID‐19 since coronary arteries are not initially and primarily targeted by SARS‐CoV‐2 due to low expression of angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 in coronary vessels. In conclusion, SARS‐CoV‐2 infection through hypercytokinemia, direct cardiomyocyte injury, and dysregulation of the renin‐angiotensin system may aggravate underlying ACS or cause new‐onset T2MI. As well, arrhythmias induced by anti‐COVID‐19 medications could worsen underlying ACS.

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Montelukast and Acute Coronary Syndrome: The Endowed Drug

Cited by 25 publications

References 112 publications

Statins Use in Alzheimer Disease: Bane or Boon from Frantic Search and Narrative Review

Statins Use in Alzheimer Disease: Bane or Boon from Frantic Search and Narrative Review

Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on the Clinical Outcomes and Epigenetic Markers in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

The potential role of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in acute coronary syndrome and type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI): Intertwining spread

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