Monte Carlo simulation for modulated pulse bathymetric light detecting and ranging systems

Abstract

A modulated light detecting and ranging (LIDAR) system has been developed to improve the detection of underwater targets. To study this detection scheme, this paper proposes a Monte Carlo simulation method for modulated pulse LIDAR systems. First, a Monte Carlo model is developed to simulate modulated pulse propagation in sea water. Second, a receiving system model is emulated with advanced signal processing tools like Fourier transform, cross-correlation and filtering. The simulation program based on the model is realized. This program is capable of predicting experimental results and helping in the design of more advanced transmitter and receiver configurations as various parameters of the environment, modulation and geometry are taken into account in our design. The calculations of backscattering frequency responses with different attenuation coefficients exhibit the low-pass filter-like response of backscattering. The modulated LIDAR results for a target depth of 5 m and attenuation coefficient of c = 0.67 and 0.85 m −1 are also computed. It is validated that the modulation approach can suppress volume backscattering clutter and can enhance the target contrast. Furthermore, comparisons with reported experimental results indicate the feasibility of the simulation model.

A Focus on Recent Developments and Trends in Underwater Imaging

“…This in turn makes it possible to reject the lower frequency components of backscatter and ambient light, further increasing the range capability of the system. This type of system has previously been investigated by various research laboratories (Mullen et al, 1996;Pellen et al, 2002) and has been the subject of recent simulations using Metron's radiative transfer solver (Shirron and Giddings, 2006) and other radiative transfer codes developed specifically for pulsed underwater laser imaging systems (Liang et al, 2006).…”

Nonintrusive and automatic quantitative analysis methods for fish behaviour in aquaculture

“…In addition to the techniques mentioned above, LiDAR is another active measurement technique for investigating fish biomass (Churnside et al, 1997) or location (Churnside et al, 2001; Liang et al, 2006). The major components are the laser and beam‐control optics, the receiver optics and detector, and a computer for data collection (Churnside et al, 2003; Lee et al, 2013).…”

Application of machine vision systems in aquaculture with emphasis on fish: state‐of‐the‐art and key issues

“…LiDAR system has been used for fisheries application to overcome the limitation of passive observation systems (Liang et al . ). A LiDAR transmits and receives electromagnetic radiation at high frequency and operates in the ultraviolet, visible and infrared region.…”