Monte Carlo calculation of the mass stopping power of EBT3 and EBT‐XD films for protons for energy ranges of 50–400 MeV

Shi, Chengyu; Chen, Chin-Cheng; Mah, Dennis; Chan, Maria F.

doi:10.1002/pro6.55

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…The energy loss during the transport process [2] account for the continuous slowing down approximation, CSDA called stopping power [1,2]. The stopping power is rarely measured [3] but it has been measured for protons [4][5][6][7][8], electron interactions with humans [9] and from first principle to enhance research validation and empiricism reduction [10] A. Linear Stopping Power, S…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lung and Soft Tissue Stopping Power Estimates for a Modified Phantom Using MCNPX

Bello¹,

Hassan²,

Nor³

2020

IJISRT

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The Adult Male® and Adult Female® phantoms of ORNL were modified with Ir-192 source and additional tally cards from the MCNP® data library. The lung and eleven soft tissues were used for the study. The soft tissues include Liver, Stomach, Ovaries, Testes, Brain, Thyroid, Kidney, Pancreas, Gall Bladder, Heart, and the Small Intestine. The computational simulation was achieved using MCNPX with nps of 107 , and the data set of the lung and soft tissues derived for Malaysian population [14]. The relative error, R was <0.05 for F4 and the F6 tallies across the energy range studied. The results obtained for 0.1-10.0 MeV energies for the F4 and F6 tallies were used to estimate the mass stopping power, S/ρ (MeVg1 cm2 ) and the linear stopping power, S (MeV/cm). The result compares favorably among the tissues. This result is very relevant and useful in validating an on-going lung and soft tissue model construction

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lung and Soft Tissue Stopping Power Estimates for a Modified Phantom Using MCNPX

Bello¹,

Hassan²,

Nor³

2020

IJISRT

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Monte Carlo calculated absorbed‐dose energy dependence of EBT3 and EBT4 films for 5–200 MeV electrons and 100 keV–15 MeV photons

Clements,

Bazalova‐Carter

2024

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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PurposeTo use Monte Carlo simulations to study the absorbed‐dose energy dependence of GAFChromic EBT3 and EBT4 films for 5–200 MeV electron beams and 100 keV–15 MeV photon beams considering two film compositions: a previous EBT3 composition (Bekerat et al.) and the final composition of EBT3/current composition of EBT4 (Palmer et al.).MethodsA water phantom was simulated with films at 5–50 mm depth in 5 mm intervals. The water phantom was irradiated with flat, monoenergetic 5–200 MeV electron beams and 100 and 150 keV kilovoltage and 1–15 MeV megavoltage photon beams and the dose to the active layer of the films was scored. Simulations were rerun with the films defined as water to compare the absorbed‐dose response of film to water, .ResultsFor electrons, the Bekerat et al. composition had variations in of up to from 5 to 200 MeV. Similarly, the Palmer et al. composition had differences in up to from 5 to 200 MeV. For photons, varied up to and from 100 keV to 15 MeV for the Bekerat et al. and Palmer et al. compositions, respectively. The depth of films did not appear to significantly affect for photons at any energy and for electrons at energies 50 MeV. However, for 5 and 10 MeV electrons, decreases of up to in were seen due to stacked films and increased beam attenuation in films compared to water.ConclusionsThe up to and variations in for electrons and photons, respectively, across the energies considered in this study indicate the importance of calibrating films with the energy intended for measurement. Additionally, this work emphasizes potential issues with stacking films to measure depth dose curves, particularly for electron beams with energies 10 MeV.

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Low-energy proton calibration and energy-dependence linearization of EBT-XD radiochromic films

Vallières

Bienvenue

Puyuelo-Valdes

et al. 2019

Review of Scientific Instruments

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In this work, we calibrate the newly developed EBT-XD radiochromic films (RCFs) manufactured by Gafchromictm using protons in the energy range of 4–10 MeV. Irradiation was performed on the 2 × 6 MV tandem linear accelerator located at the Université de Montréal. The RCFs were digitized using an Epson Perfection V700 flatbed scanner using both the red-green-blue and grayscale channels. The proton fluences were measured with Faraday cups calibrated in absolute terms. The linear energy transfer function within the active layer of the films was calculated using the mass stopping power tables coming from the PSTAR database from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to allow retrieval of the deposited dose. We find that the calibration curves for 7 and 10 MeV protons are nearly equivalent. The 4 MeV calibration curves exhibit a quenching effect due to the Bragg peak that falls close to the active layer. A linearization of this energy dependence was developed using a semiempirical parametric model to allow the generation of calibration curves for any incident proton energy within the present range. Excellent correspondence (<5% dose difference for the same netOD) of the 10 MeV calibration curves was noted when compared to existing high-energy proton (148.2 MeV) calibration curves reported in the literature. Our calibration extends the range of operation of EBT-XD films to low-energy proton beam dosimetry.

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Monte Carlo calculation of the mass stopping power of EBT3 and EBT‐XD films for protons for energy ranges of 50–400 MeV

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

The Lung and Soft Tissue Stopping Power Estimates for a Modified Phantom Using MCNPX

The Lung and Soft Tissue Stopping Power Estimates for a Modified Phantom Using MCNPX

Monte Carlo calculated absorbed‐dose energy dependence of EBT3 and EBT4 films for 5–200 MeV electrons and 100 keV–15 MeV photons

Low-energy proton calibration and energy-dependence linearization of EBT-XD radiochromic films

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