Monte-Carlo calculation of production rates of cosmogenic radionuclides in a HPGe detector operating in the Modane underground laboratory

Breier, R.; Masarik, J.; Palušová, V.; Povinec, Pavel P.

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2020.164355

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…where tot,H and tot,0 indicate the flux of certain particles in the cosmic ray at altitudes H and sea level, respectively; p(H ) is the atmospheric pressure at altitude H [30,31], and L is the typical absorption length for a certain cosmic-ray component. It is generally considered that the production rates of cosmogenic activations are dominated by neutrons, so the absorption length of the neutron is a suitable choice [21,32]. Cosmogenic production rates are proportional to the neutron flux, and the same exponential correction can be applied to obtain the corresponding production rates at sea level,…”

Section: Experiments and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The copper used in the PPCGe detectors of the CDEX experiment leads to a crucial background contribution, which requires assessment due to cosmogenic activation in copper to establish the background model for the CDEX experiment. Although the production rates of cosmogenic activation in copper have been investigated via simulations and measurements, discrepancies exist among the results [17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of cosmogenic activation in copper for rare event search experiments

She

Zeng

et al. 2021

Eur. Phys. J. C

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Rare event search experiments using germanium detectors are performed in underground laboratories to minimize the background induced by cosmic rays. However, the cosmogenic activation of cupreous detector components on the ground generates long half-life radioisotopes and contributes to the background level. We measured cosmogenic activation with 142.50 kg of copper bricks after 504 days of exposure at an altitude of 2469.4 m outside the China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL). The specific activities of the cosmogenic nuclides produced in the copper bricks were measured using a low-background germanium gamma-ray spectrometer at CJPL. The production rates at sea level, in units of nuclei/kg/day, were $${18.6 \pm 2.0}$$ 18.6 ± 2.0 for $${^{54}}$$ 54 Mn, $${9.9 \pm 1.3}$$ 9.9 ± 1.3 for $${^{56}}$$ 56 Co, $${48.3 \pm 5.5}$$ 48.3 ± 5.5 for $${^{57}}$$ 57 Co, $${51.8 \pm 2.5}$$ 51.8 ± 2.5 for $${^{58}}$$ 58 Co, and $${39.7 \pm 5.7}$$ 39.7 ± 5.7 for $${^{60}}$$ 60 Co. The measurement will help to constrain cosmogenic background estimation for rare event searches using copper as a detector structure and shielding material. Based on the measured production rates, the impact of the cosmogenic background in cupreous components of germanium detectors on the next generation CDEX-100 experiment was assessed with the expected exposure history above ground.

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Section: Experiments and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of cosmogenic activation in copper for rare event search experiments

She

Zeng

et al. 2021

Eur. Phys. J. C

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“…Iron is confirmed to be an optimal shielding material, thanks to the lower production of secondary neutrons, but an optimized shielding structure using different materials is shown to be more effective, reducing by approximately one order of magnitude the production rates of the cosmogenic radioisotopes. • Calculations using GEANT4 and CONUS software packages and ACTIVIA (with the default input neutron spectrum) were used to quantify production rates and estimate the corresponding counting rates in the Obelix HPGe detector (with mass of 3.19 kg), operating in the Modane underground laboratory in France [99]. Interactions of the secondary cosmic nucleons for several components, including the Ge crystal, were considered to quantify the production of several isotopes.…”

Section: Activation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results shown in Table 6 were obtained considering the Gordon et al spectrum. • The calculations using GEANT4 and CONUS software packages and ACTIVIA to obtain production rates of radioisotopes and estimate the corresponding counting rates in the Obelix HPGe detector [99] (see Section 3) included also copper as it is used in the cold finger.…”

Section: Coppermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The calculations using GEANT4 and CONUS software packages and ACTIVIA to obtain production rates of different radioisotopes and to estimate of the corresponding counting rates in the Obelix HPGe detector [99] included, together with germanium and copper, also aluminum used for the cryostat and detector holder. Table 10 presents the estimated saturation activity at sea level of 26 Al; production rates of 22 Na in Al + 4%Si alloy were similarly computed.…”

Section: Aluminummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cosmogenic Activation in Double Beta Decay Experiments

Cebrián

2020

Universe

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Double beta decay is a very rare nuclear process and, therefore, experiments intended to detect it must be operated deep underground and in ultra-low background conditions. Long-lived radioisotopes produced by the previous exposure of materials to cosmic rays on the Earth’s surface or even underground can become problematic for the required sensitivity. Here, the studies developed to quantify and reduce the activation yields in detectors and materials used in the set-up of these experiments will be reviewed, considering target materials like germanium, tellurium and xenon together with other ones commonly used like copper, lead, stainless steel or argon. Calculations following very different approaches and measurements from irradiation experiments using beams or directly cosmic rays will be considered for relevant radioisotopes. The effect of cosmogenic activation in present and future double beta decay projects based on different types of detectors will be analyzed too.

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Cosmogenic activation in double beta decay experiments

Cebrian

2020

Preprint

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Double beta decay is a very rare nuclear process and, therefore, experiments intended to detect it must be operated deep underground and in ultra-low background conditions. Long-lived radioisotopes produced by the previous exposure of materials to cosmic rays on the Earth's surface or even underground can become problematic for the required sensitivity. Here, the studies developed to quantify and reduce the activation yields in detectors and materials used in the set-up of these experiments will be reviewed, considering target materials like germanium, tellurium and xenon together with other ones commonly used like copper, lead, stainless steel or argon. Calculations following very different approaches and measurements from irradiation experiments using beams or directly cosmic rays will be considered for relevant radioisotopes. The effect of cosmogenic activation in present and future double beta decay projects based on different types of detectors will be analyzed too.

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Monte-Carlo calculation of production rates of cosmogenic radionuclides in a HPGe detector operating in the Modane underground laboratory

Cited by 4 publications

References 50 publications

Study of cosmogenic activation in copper for rare event search experiments

Study of cosmogenic activation in copper for rare event search experiments

Cosmogenic Activation in Double Beta Decay Experiments

Cosmogenic activation in double beta decay experiments

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