Monsoon-controlled export fluxes to the interior of the Arabian Sea

Honjo, Susumu; Dymond, Jack; Prell, Warren L; Ittekkot, V.

doi:10.1016/s0967-0645(99)00047-8

Cited by 226 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This accumulation of diatom biomass sets the stage for high export rates. Honjo et al (1999) suggest that the Arabian Sea "laments are involved in or even primarily responsible for the high rates of o!shore carbon export that characterize the region during the SW Monsoon (Nair et al, 1989;Buesseler et al, 1998;Lee et al, 1998). The primary productivity observations reported here from "laments support the suggestion of Honjo et al (1999).…”

Section: Filaments and Eddiessupporting

confidence: 60%

Primary productivity and its regulation in the Arabian Sea during 1995

Barber

Marra

Bidigare

et al. 2001

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

216

106

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Section: Filaments and Eddiessupporting

confidence: 60%

Primary productivity and its regulation in the Arabian Sea during 1995

Barber

Marra

Bidigare

et al. 2001

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

216

106

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“…Furthermore, the annual mass #ux in the PFZ (573S), despite being substantially less than the Antarctic Zone, is comparable to the largest annual #ux (95 mg m\ d\ ) measured during the US JGOGS study in the equatorial Paci"c Ocean (Honjo et al, 1995). The maximum #ux observed in all the sediment traps (220 mg m\ d\ ) was only slightly less than the maximum observed in the Arabian Sea (252 mg m\ d\ ; Honjo et al, 1999). Despite its reputation as a region of low annual productivity, the Southern Ocean clearly generates a substantial annual #ux of biogenic material which is exported to the deep sea.…”

Section: Antarctic Circumpolar Currentmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Fluxes were lower at 573S (92 mg m\ d\ at 982 m), and intermediate #uxes were collected at the PF (Mooring 3, 603S, 156 mg m\ d\ at 1003 m). To place these #uxes into a global context, the annual opal #ux at 633S is the largest ever measured (S. Honjo, personal communication), and greater than that measured in the highly productive Arabian Sea upwelling system (48 mg m\ d\ at 828 m; Honjo et al, 1999). Furthermore, the annual mass #ux in the PFZ (573S), despite being substantially less than the Antarctic Zone, is comparable to the largest annual #ux (95 mg m\ d\ ) measured during the US JGOGS study in the equatorial Paci"c Ocean (Honjo et al, 1995).…”

Section: Antarctic Circumpolar Currentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The US Southern Ocean Joint Global Ocean Flux Study: an introduction to AESOPS

Smith

Anderson

Moore

et al. 2000

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

120

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The United States Southern Ocean Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS), also known as AESOPS (Antarctic Environment and Southern Ocean Process Study), focused on two distinct regions. The "rst was the Ross-Sea continental shelf, where a series of six cruises collected a variety of data from October 1996 through February 1998. The second area was the southwest Paci"c sector of the Southern Ocean, spanning the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) at &1703W. Data were collected within this region during "ve cruises from September 1996 through March 1998, as well as during selected transits between New Zealand and the Ross Sea. The "rst results of these cruses are described in this issue. The Ross-Sea investigation extensively sampled the area along 76330 S to elucidate the temporal patterns and processes that contribute to making this one of the Antarctic's most productive seas. Hydrographic distributions con"rm that strati"cation is initiated early in October within the polynya, generating an environment that is favorable for phytoplankton growth. Signi"cant spatial variations in mixed-layer depths, the timing of the onset of strati"cation, and the strength of the strati"cation existed throughout the growing season. Nutrient concentrations re#ected phytoplankton uptake, and reached their seasonal minimal in early February. Chlorophyll concentrations were maximal in early January, whereas productivity was maximal in late November, which re#ects the temporal uncoupling between growth and biomass accumulation in the region. Independent estimates of biogenic export suggest that majority of the #ux occurred in late summer and was strongly uncoupled from phytoplankton growth. The ACC region exhibited seasonal changes that in some cases were greater than those observed in the Ross Sea.0967-0645/00/$ -see front matter 2000 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. PII: S 0 9 6 7 -0 6 4 5 ( 0 0 ) 0 0 0 5 9 -X Sea ice covered much of the region south of the Polar Front in winter, and retreated rapidly in late spring and early summer. Mixed layers throughout the region shoaled in summer due to surface heating, while the addition of freshwater from melting sea ice enhanced strati"cation in the Seasonal Ice Zone, creating conditions favorable for phytoplankton growth. For example, silicic acid concentrations decreased from initial values as high as 65 to less than 2 M within approximately 100 km (from 65.7 to 64.83S). Fluorescence values, however, showed less than a two-fold variation over the same distance. The vertical #ux of carbon in the Polar Front area is substantial, and marked variations in the composition of exported material exited over the region. The results provide a means whereby the controls of phytoplankton growth and organic matter #ux and remineralization can be analyzed in great detail. Additional results of the AESOPS project are discussed.

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“…This value is based on sediment trap data recorded for the central Arabian Sea by Haake et al (1993). Honjo et al (1999) found a slightly higher value of 5.9 g m − 2 a − 1 in 1995 at 15.5 N, 61.5 E. Keeping in mind that the interannual variability of physical and biological properties in the Arabian Sea is quite high (Kumar et al, 2001), these data sets provide a fairly consistent setting for studying processes in the "normal", that is, non El-Niño Arabian Sea (Kinkade et al, 2001) around 1995. We defined a set of parameter values listed in Table 1, which was used for the standard model integrations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the early deep-sea deployments of time-series sediment traps (Deuser et al, 1981) a correlation of the fluxes of organic carbon and mostly abiogenic aluminum was observed in the Sargasso Sea (Deuser et al, 1983), in the Arabian Sea (Ramaswamy et al, 1991;Haake et al, 1993;Honjo et al, 1999) and in the tropical North and South Atlantic (Balzer, unpublished data). This may not be anticipated because lithogenic particles originate from eolian inputs controlled by random wind and/or rainfall or riverine sources, while fluxes of organic materials are related to the annual productivity cycle governed by nutrient supply, insolation and mixed layer dynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling aggregate formation and sedimentation of organic and mineral particles

Barkmann

Schäfer-Neth

Balzer

2010

Journal of Marine Systems

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A one-dimensional model "ADAM" is presented that allows the prognostic computation of the interactions between mineral particles (dust) and biologically formed aggregates. The model couples a 7-compartment biogeochemical component (NO 3 , NH 4 , phytoplankton aggregates, zooplankton, detritus, carbon, and chlorophyll) and a 4-compartment component for the tracing of mineral particles: single free particles in the water, particles aggregated with phytoplankton, incorporated in zooplankton, and attached to detritus. It resolves both annual and daily cycles of plankton and the fate of dust from eolian import into the ocean via biological activity, aggregation and disaggregation to sedimentation at the sea floor. The model results suggest that particle scavenging is essentially occurring in the mixed layer, where biological activity and shear aggregation regulate the formation of the aggregates. The aggregates interact intensively with the suspended pool of dust particles, and sink through the upper main thermocline with increasing speed. Particle break up and organic matter degradation are important mechanisms for particle cycling in the intermediate and deeper layers. The model predicts an 80% decrease of the annual carbon flux between 100 m and 3000 m depth. The vertical profile of Al-contents in suspended particulates and the annual average vertical flux of particulate organic matter are fairly well reproduced by the model, as well as the seasonal cycles of carbon and dust fluxes in the ocean interior.

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Monsoon-controlled export fluxes to the interior of the Arabian Sea

Cited by 226 publications

References 40 publications

Primary productivity and its regulation in the Arabian Sea during 1995

Primary productivity and its regulation in the Arabian Sea during 1995

The US Southern Ocean Joint Global Ocean Flux Study: an introduction to AESOPS

Modelling aggregate formation and sedimentation of organic and mineral particles

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