Monsanima tinguaensis (Apocynaceae), an enigmatic new species from Atlantic rainforest

Abstract

A new species of Asclepiadoideae (Apocynaceae) with enigmatic taxonomic position was found in the Atlantic rainforest of Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil. To ascertain its affinities within the Asclepiadeae, we performed phylogenetic analyses using the plastid regions trnT-L and rps16. Our results strongly support the new species close to the Orthosiinae, but do not support any generic relationship for this species. Based on the floral morphology, especially the corona lobes, which are highly fused, and curved inward at the top, covering the gynostegium, the new species is assigned to Monsanima. This genus is sister to the other Orthosiinae and included so far only one species narrowly endemic to the campos rupestres of Bahia, in northeastern Brazil. The new species, Monsanima tinguaensis, occurs in a protected area, Tinguá Biological Reserve. However, it is known only by the type specimen and is probably vulnerable to extinction.

Increasing the known floristic diversity of Brazilian inselbergs: two new species of Mandevilla (Apocynaceae) from Espírito Santo

“…Major collecting efforts have been made recently, but many regions are still unexplored. Recent studies of inselbergs and forest from the area have led to the description of several narrowly endemic species (Kollmann 2008;Leme et al 2008;Leme & Kollmann 2009;Versieux & Wanderley 2010;Silva et al 2014;Goldenberg & Kollmann 2015;Meyer et al 2016;Campos-Rocha et al 2018;Meyer et al 2018;Chautems et al 2019).…”

Phylogenetics in Scyphostelma (Apocynaceae: Orthosiinae) and description of new species

“…obs.). With the exception of Monsanima , with only two species narrowly endemic in the Atlantic rainforest and the grasslands of the campos rupestres of Brazil (Silva & al. 2014), the remaining three genera are insufficiently documented and in need of additional research.…”