Monounsaturated Fatty Acid Levels May Not Affect Cardiovascular Events: Results From a Mendelian Randomization Analysis

Mazidi, Mohsen; Katsiki, Niki; Shekoohi, Niloofar; Banach, Maciej

doi:10.3389/fnut.2020.00123

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…[ 6,17–19 ] A recent mendelian randomization analysis suggested that serum POA levels was not associated with cardiovascular events such as coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, cardioembolic stroke, and ischemic stroke. [ 20 ] Particularly, if POA was a lipid hormone that protects against hypertension, circulating POA would be closely correlated with BP or risk of hypertension, whereas findings from observational studies are inconclusive and even controversial. Both in the PREDIMED study [ 5 ] and the Paris Prospective Study 2, [ 6 ] serum POA was found to be positively correlated with BP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palmitoleic Acid Protects against Hypertension by Inhibiting NF‐κB‐Mediated Inflammation

Tang

Yang

Yan

et al. 2021

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope The role of palmitoleic acid (POA) in hypertension or blood pressure remains uncertain. This study aims to investigate the epidemiological association between circulating POA and primary hypertension in humans, and subsequently evaluate the effects of exogenous POA on blood pressure and aortic remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Methods and results A case‐control study of 349 hypertensive and 1396 normotensive children and adolescents is conducted, and found hypertensive cases show significant lower erythrocyte phospholipid POA than normotensive controls (p < 0.001). In conditional logistic regression model, participants in the top quartile of POA have a lower prevalence of primary hypertension than those in the bottom (multivariate‐adjusted OR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.25–0.89). In animal study, 24 SHRs are randomly assigned to n‐3 PUFAs (500 mg kg‐1), POA (500 mg kg‐1), or vehicle (olive oil) for 8 weeks. At the end of intervention, as compared to SHRs treated with vehicle, SHRs treated with POA shows significantly decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP), improved aortic remodeling, and also decreased aortic expressions of NF‐κB and its downstream proinflammatory cytokines. Conclusions Circulating POA is inversely associated with risk of primary hypertension, and exogenous POA supplementation can decrease SBP and improve aortic remodeling by inhibiting NF‐κB‐mediated inflammation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palmitoleic Acid Protects against Hypertension by Inhibiting NF‐κB‐Mediated Inflammation

Tang

Yang

Yan

et al. 2021

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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“…Overall, there is conflicting and limited evidence about the links between serum MUFAs and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) [23,24,25,26]. In this study, we showed that myocardial diastolic dysfunction progressed with an SFA-rich diet and that switching from an SFA-rich diet to a MUFA (oleate)-rich diet improved diastolic P r e p r i n t dysfunction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Saturated fatty acid-induced cardiomyopathy with diastolic dysfunction can be ameliorated by changing the quality of fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acid

et al. 2021

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IntroductionLipotoxicity due to obesity is known to lead to cardiac dysfunction. In an earlier study, we found that an increase in the ratio of saturated fatty acids (SFA) to monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in the membrane of cardiomyocytes causes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Such stress is hypothesized to be involved in development of SFA-related cardiomyopathy. Another factor affecting the membrane SFA/MUFA ratio is suppression by SFA of SIRT1-mediated stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1), which is involved in converting SFA to MUFA. Therefore, we evaluated whether increasing dietary intake of MUFA can improve the membrane SFA/MUFA ratio.Material and methodsWild-type mice (n = 30) and cardiomyocyte-specific SIRT1 knockout mice (n = 30) were randomly divided into 3 groups and assigned to 16 weeks of a standard mouse diet, 16 weeks of an SFA-rich high-lard diet (HLD), or 8 weeks of a HLD followed by 8 weeks of a MUFA-rich high olive oil diet (HOD switch).ResultsCompared with the control group, the wild-type mice on the HOD diet showed normalized SIRT1-mediated SCD1 signaling, increased membrane SFA/MUFA ratio, decreased ER stress, and improved cardiomyopathy variables. The HLD-fed SIRT1 knockout mice showed greater changes in the SFA/MUFA ratio, ER stress, and cardiomyopathy variables than the wild-type mice. Switching from HLD to HOD ameliorated these phenotypes, although it did not restore the reduced expression of SCD1.ConclusionsThe MUFA-rich diet was found to have a therapeutic effect on SFA-induced cardiomyopathy with diastolic dysfunction by directly rebalancing membrane fatty acid oversaturation and indirectly through the de-inhibition of SIRT1/SCD1 signaling.

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“…The incorporation of nutrigenetic data into human studies might help to reduce this confounding factor. Genomics might be used for Mendelian randomization studies aimed to demonstrate causal effects of lipids on human health and diseases, reducing confounding and reverse causation [209]. Finally, a better understanding of the role of the microbiome and of metabolites that it produces (still only partially characterized because of the complexity of the system and the large inter-individual variations) might help to elucidate how it modulates the effect of dietary lipids in each individual.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrigenomics of Dietary Lipids

et al. 2021

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Dietary lipids have a major role in nutrition, not only for their fuel value, but also as essential and bioactive nutrients. This narrative review aims to describe the current evidence on nutrigenomic effects of dietary lipids. Firstly, the different chemical and biological properties of fatty acids contained both in plant- and animal-based food are illustrated. A description of lipid bioavailability, bioaccessibility, and lipotoxicity is provided, together with an overview of the modulatory role of lipids as pro- or anti-inflammatory agents. Current findings concerning the metabolic impact of lipids on gene expression, epigenome, and gut microbiome in animal and human studies are summarized. Finally, the effect of the individual’s genetic make-up on lipid metabolism is described. The main goal is to provide an overview about the interaction between dietary lipids and the genome, by identifying and discussing recent scientific evidence, recognizing strengths and weaknesses, to address future investigations and fill the gaps in the current knowledge on metabolic impact of dietary fats on health.

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Monounsaturated Fatty Acid Levels May Not Affect Cardiovascular Events: Results From a Mendelian Randomization Analysis

Cited by 16 publications

References 41 publications

Palmitoleic Acid Protects against Hypertension by Inhibiting NF‐κB‐Mediated Inflammation

Palmitoleic Acid Protects against Hypertension by Inhibiting NF‐κB‐Mediated Inflammation

Saturated fatty acid-induced cardiomyopathy with diastolic dysfunction can be ameliorated by changing the quality of fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acid

Nutrigenomics of Dietary Lipids

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