Monounsaturated Fatty Acid–Enriched Diet Decreases Plasma Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1

López-Segura, Fernando; Velasco, Francisco; López‐Miranda, José; Castro, Pedro; López‐Pedrera, Chary; Blanco, Ángeles Blanco; Jiménez-Perepérez, J.; Torres, Antonio; Trujillo, Jennifer M.; Ordovas, J. M.; Pérez-Jiménez, Francisco

doi:10.1161/01.atv.16.1.82

Cited by 91 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…However, it should be noted in this context that there are also some clinical studies showing an association between n-3 fatty acid intake and decreased plasma PAI-1 activity. Lopez-Segura et al 43 showed that consumption of a diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acids resulted in a significant decrease in both plasma PAI-1 activity and antigen in healthy individuals. Furthermore, the triglyceride levels were not affected by the dietary treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unsaturated Fatty Acids Increase Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Expression in Endothelial Cells

Nilsson

Banfi

Diczfalusy

et al. 1998

ATVB

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Abstract-In vivo studies have demonstrated a strong positive correlation between plasma very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) triglyceride and plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity levels. Furthermore, VLDL has been shown to induce PAI-1 secretion from cultured endothelial cells. In contrast, no or variable effects on PAI-1 secretion have been reported for native low density lipoprotein. It could be speculated that fatty acids derived from VLDL triglycerides are the actual mediators, resulting in an enhanced secretion of PAI-1. In the present study, we have analyzed the effects of both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids on PAI-1 expression and secretion by endothelial cells. Addition of 0 to 50 mol/L of either palmitic acid or stearic acid had no effect on PAI-1 secretion from human umbilical vein endothelial cells or EA.hy926 cells. In contrast, addition of oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid resulted in a significant increase in PAI-1 secretion from both cell types. Northern blot analysis of PAI-1 mRNA levels was in agreement with these findings. Transfection experiments demonstrated that addition of linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid significantly increased PAI-1 transcription. The fatty acid response region was localized to a previously described VLDL-inducible region of the PAI-1 promoter. Electromobility shift assays demonstrated that unsaturated fatty acids induced the same complex as did VLDL, whereas saturated fatty acids had no effect. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the activation procedure did not involve fatty acid oxidation to any significant extent. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that unsaturated fatty acids increase PAI-1 transcription and secretion by endothelial cells in vitro. The effect appears to be mediated by a previously described VLDL-inducible transcription factor. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1998;18:1679-1685.)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unsaturated Fatty Acids Increase Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Expression in Endothelial Cells

Nilsson

Banfi

Diczfalusy

et al. 1998

ATVB

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“…Insulin resistance and its associated dyslipidemia (high triglyceride, low HDL) have been shown to be more marked on a high-carbohydrate diet compared with a diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (38,39,(70)(71)(72)(73)(74)(75)(76)(77). In individuals with diabetes, glycemic control may also be adversely influenced and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 levels are increased, suggesting an increased thrombogenic tendency (77).…”

Section: Carbohydrate Fiber and Glycemic Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In individuals with diabetes, glycemic control may also be adversely influenced and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 levels are increased, suggesting an increased thrombogenic tendency (77). However, studies that have examined this issue have generally failed to consider the importance of the nature of the carbohydrate.…”

Section: Carbohydrate Fiber and Glycemic Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thematic review series: Patient-Oriented Research. Nutritional determinants of insulin resistance

McAuley

Mann

2006

Journal of Lipid Research

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Interpreting the literature relating to the nutritional determinants of insulin resistance is complicated by the wide range of methods used to determine insulin sensitivity. Excess adiposity is unquestionably the most important determinant of insulin resistance, although the effect may be tempered by a relatively high proportion of lean body mass. Weight loss is associated with improved insulin sensitivity. Thus, diet-related factors that promote excessive energy intake may be regarded as promoters of insulin resistance. In the context of energy balance, diets characterized by high intakes of saturated fat and low intakes of dietary fiber are associated with reduced insulin sensitivity. Total fat intakes greater than the usually consumed range appear to promote insulin resistance, although the relative proportions of total fat and carbohydrate within the usual range appear unimportant. Monounsaturated fatty acids with a cis configuration and fiber-rich carbohydrate foods appear to be appropriate substitutes for saturated fatty acids and rapidly digested glycemic carbohydrates. In animal studies, n-3 unsaturated fatty acids have been shown to enhance insulin sensitivity and fructose and sucrose to increase insulin resistance. However, human data are limited. Large prospective studies currently being conducted should confirm the most appropriate macronutrient composition of diets for preventing and treating insulin resistance as well as establishing whether a range of candidate genes explains the variation in response to dietary change.-McAuley, K., and J. Mann. Nutritional determinants of insulin resistance.

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“…However, controversy now exists between the advisability of following a diet containing 455% carbohydrates and 30% lipids (eg NCEP step 1) with respect to a Mediterranean diet poorer in carbohydrates but richer in lipids and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). Thus, several studies do not confirm the benefits of the former diet over that of the Mediterranean diet with regard to serum triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and fibrinolysis (Grundy, 1997;Ló pez Segura et al, 1996).…”

Section: Diet Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional assessment, health markers and lipoprotein profile in postmenopausal women belonging to a closed community

et al. 2003

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Objective: To assess the dietary characteristics of a closed community and their relationship with several health markers and lipid and lipoprotein values in postmenopausal women. Design: Energy and nutrient intake, serum lipids, lipoproteins, antioxidants, peroxides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) peroxides in addition to several health markers were measured in a closed, postmenopausal female community consuming a diet without meat, meat products and alcoholic beverages. Setting: Departamento de Nutrició n and Secció n Departamental de Química Analítica and Escuela de Especializació n de Análisis Clínicos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain and Lerma, Burgos, Spain. Results: Cereals, vegetables, legumes and fruit, together with milk and eggs, constituted the most important ingredients of the diet consumed. Dietary carbohydrates contributed 42%en and lipids 46.4%en. The SFA/MUFA/PUFA ratio was 1/2/1 and the n-3/n-6 ratio 0.05 (SFA ¼ saturated fatty acids, MUFA ¼ monounsaturated fatty acids, PUFA ¼ polyunsaturated fatty acids). The study community diet was monotonous and made for possible deficiencies of iron, magnesium, zinc, vitamin B 6 and vitamin D, in variable proportions. Routine biochemical and haematological normality markers indicate that only one woman presented hyperglycaemia and hyperuricaemia. Two women had haemoglobin levels o12 g/dl, but their mean corpuscular volume or mean corpuscular haemoglobin was normal. The prevalence of high cholesterol values (46.21 mmol/l) was 42.8%, while that of high LDL-cholesterol levels (43.88 mmol/l) was 35.7%, but none of the women displayed levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol o1.16 mmol/l, triglycerides 41.2 mmol/l or an LDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio43. Only one woman had apolipoprotein (Apo) B levels 41.5 g/l, while most of the women presented Apo B values o1.2 g/l and an ApoA-1/ApoB ratio o1.1. Plasma and LDL-peroxide levels, together with the tocopherol and carotene intakes, suggest a good antioxidant status in this population. Conclusions: The diet of the study group seems compatible with a healthy life-profile and permits a more-than-acceptable degree of cardiovascular disease protection. However, the consumption of certain nutrients should be improved. Sponsorship: This study was supported by a Danone-Universidad Complutense de Madrid grant. Project PR248/01-10161.

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Monounsaturated Fatty Acid–Enriched Diet Decreases Plasma Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1

Cited by 91 publications

References 52 publications

Unsaturated Fatty Acids Increase Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Expression in Endothelial Cells

Unsaturated Fatty Acids Increase Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Expression in Endothelial Cells

Thematic review series: Patient-Oriented Research. Nutritional determinants of insulin resistance

Nutritional assessment, health markers and lipoprotein profile in postmenopausal women belonging to a closed community

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