Monoterpenoid indole alkaloids from Kopsia hainanensis Tsiang

A comprehensive review on phytochemistry and pharmacology of genus Kopsia: monoterpene alkaloids – major secondary metabolites

“…As shown in Table 1, more than two hundred aspidofractinines have been isolated to date, and they derive from various parts of K. arborea , K. dasyrachis , K. fruticosa , K. grandifolia , K. griffithii , K. hainanensis , K. hainanensis , K. jasminiflora , K. larutensis , K. macrophylla , K. officinalis , K. pauciflora , K. profunda , K. singapurensis , and K. teoi . 4,7–59,61–79,81 From Fig. 1, Kopsia aspidofractinines 1–204 occurred in both monomer and dimer forms, but they did not bind to sugar units.…”

“…For instance, compound 126 was recorded to appear in K. arborea twig and stem bark, K. dasyrachis stem, K. fruticosa stem bark, K. jasminiflora stem bark, K. grandifolia stem bark, K. griffithii leaf and stem bark, K. hainanensis leaf, stem, stem bark and twig, K. larutensis stem, stem bark and leaf, K. officinalis root, stem, twig, leaf and fruit, K. singapurensis stem bark and leaf, K. pauciflora stem, stem bark and leaf, and K. teoi stem bark, whereas its N (4)-oxide ( 127 ) presented in K. dasyrachis stem, K. griffithii stem bark, K. hainanensis stem and leaf, K. officinalis fruit and leaf, K. pauciflora stem, and K. singapurensis bark. 5–7,9–11,13–19,21–25,28,29,32,36,42,43,48,51,65,66,68–72…”

“…8 Based on NMR, MS, and ECD data, compound 1 was a product by the combination of two apidofractinine units, and its biosynthetic pathway was structurally formulated from precursor 126 . Aspidofractinine ( 2 ) can be found in K. arborea stem bark, K. hainanensis twigs and leaves, and K. officinalis stem, 9–11 but aspidofractinine-1,3-dicarboxylic acid ( 4 ) was only detected in K. officinalis stem. 11 (2β,5β)-Aspidofractinin-16-ol ( 3 ) was a new 16-alcohol derivative found in K. officinalis leaves for the first time, and then was detected in K. hainanensis twigs and leaves.…”

“…11 (2β,5β)-Aspidofractinin-16-ol ( 3 ) was a new 16-alcohol derivative found in K. officinalis leaves for the first time, and then was detected in K. hainanensis twigs and leaves. 9,12,13 Compounds 5–9 have shared the same feature of carbomethoxylation at nitrogen N-1, 14–19 in which N -carbomethoxy-11-hydroxy-12-methoxykopsinaline ( 5 ) and N -carbomethoxy-11-methoxy-12-hydroxykopsinaline ( 6 ) were two new metabolites in nature. 14–16 Dasyrachine ( 10 ) containing isokopsine skeleton was one of the new metabolites present in the 95% EtOH extract of K. dasyrachis stem.…”

“…Recently, the search for bioactive molecules from the genus Kopsia has drawn lots of interest to natural product chemists and pharmacists. 8–13 Although there have been a variety of experimental studies, an overview of phytochemical and pharmacological assessments is not available now. The current review provides notes on basic knowledge about phytochemical research and sheds light on the pivotal role of Kopsia constituents in pharmacological examinations.…”