Monosodium glutamate and treadmill exercise: Anxiety-like behavior and spreading depression features in young adult rats

Vitor-de-Lima, Suênia Marcele; Medeiros, Larissa de Brito; Benevides, Regina de Deus Lira; Santos, Catarina Nicácio dos; Silva, Nahara Oliveira Lima da; Guedes, Rubem Carlos Araújo

doi:10.1080/1028415x.2017.1398301

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Also, CTL animals increased nuclear activity, which may indicate the effect of exercise on protein synthesis. The MSG-induced obesity model promoted an increase in the Lee index, as well as the deposition of retroperitoneal and perigonadal body fats, that corroborates with studies which, that have already demonstrated a significant increase in these parameters and, therefore, the efficiency of the model for the induction of obesity in rats (14,15). The effectiveness of this experimental model is justified by the injuries that occur in several central structures in the paraventricular region, with the arcuate and ventromedial nuclei of the hypothalamus being the most affected sites, with 80% to 90% of the neurons responsible for controlling energy expenditure, food consumption and glycemic homeostasis (16).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Whole-Body Vibration Promotes Beneficial Changes on the Anterior Tibial Muscle Histomorphometry of Hypothalamic Obese Rats

Zazula

Kirsch

Theodoro

et al. 2021

Muscle Ligaments and Tendons J

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Background. Due to the deleterious effects of obesity on muscle tissue and the search for tools to reverse these losses, it is important to understand the effect of physical exercises on the muscle structure of obese individuals. This study aimed to analyze the effect of wholebody vibration (WBV) on the histomorphological parameters of the anterior tibial muscle using the monosodium l-glutamate (MSG) obesity model. Methods. MSG-obese rats that were exposed to WBV on a vibrating platform with a frequency of 60 Hz, the amplitude of 2 mm, three times/week, 10 min/day, for eight weeks (from postnatal day (PN) 80 to PN136). The histomorphology of the anterior tibial muscle was evaluated. Results. When performing a WBV exercise, the animals showed altered structural responses in the MSG animals, such as reduced muscle mass, increased connective tissue, and nuclear activity. The WBV reduced the extracellular matrix and the nuclear activity in the MSG animals, showing efficiency in the protocol. Conclusions. Even with the aggressive character of the MSG model, the WBV exercise was able to induce repair to the muscle tissue of these animals, thus being a safe protocol for use in similar conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Whole-Body Vibration Promotes Beneficial Changes on the Anterior Tibial Muscle Histomorphometry of Hypothalamic Obese Rats

Zazula

Kirsch

Theodoro

et al. 2021

Muscle Ligaments and Tendons J

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“…Several studies have demonstrated the ability of substances that facilitate the spread of CSD, such as monosodium glutamate [ 40 ] and tianeptine [ 41 ], and other compounds that prevent the spread of this electrophysiological phenomenon, such as lectins [ 42 ]. In particular, ethanol has different effects depending on the concentration or exposure frequency, that can facilitate the CSD, and this justifies the higher CSD velocity in cachaça -group rats treated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic alcoholism represents a well reported scenario of increased ROS production and, under such a condition, carotenoids can protect tissues from alcohol-induced injuries by capturing free radicals and improving the redox balance [ 26 , 45 ]. In addition, other studies have demonstrated the brain tissues protection in rats by antioxidant compounds in CDS assays [ 27 , 28 , 40 ]. Our findings contribute to establishing a correlation between the antioxidant activities of microalgae and their neuroprotective effects in rats.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorella vulgaris functional alcoholic beverage: Effect on propagation of cortical spreading depression and functional properties

et al. 2021

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Recent advances in microalgae biotechnology have proven that these microorganisms contain a number of bioactive molecules, that can be used as food additives that help prevent disease. The green microalga Chlorella vulgaris presents several biomolecules, such as lutein and astaxanthin, with antioxidant capacity, which can play a protective role in tissues. In this study, we produced and analyzed a C. vulgaris functional alcoholic beverage (produced using a traditional Brazilian alcoholic beverage, cachaça, and C. vulgaris biomass). Assays were conducted in vitro by radical scavenging tests, and in vivo, by modeling cortical spreading depression in rat brains. Scavenging radical assays showed that consumption of the C. vulgaris alcoholic beverage had a DPPH inhibition of 77.2%. This functional alcoholic beverage at a concentration of 12.5 g L-1 significantly improved cortical spreading depression velocity in the rat brains (2.89 mm min-1), when compared with cachaça alone (3.68 mm min-1) and control (distilled water; 3.25 mm min-1). Moreover, animals that consumed the functional beverage gained less weight than those that consumed just alcohol and the control groups. These findings suggest that the C. vulgaris functional alcoholic beverage plays a protective physiologic role in protecting brain cells from the effects of drinking ethanol.

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“…Mechanistically, dietary glutamic acid may be exerting these clinical effects through serotonergic and HPA dysfunction, as animal research has found significantly higher serum levels of cortisol and ACTH, and increased 5-HT uptake in cerebral cortices of rats following MSG administration compared to placebo (21,42,43). Additionally, these effects in animals have been found to be reversed by 7,8-dihydroxyflavone, a brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tropomyosin receptor kinase B (BDNF/TrkB) agonist, which mechanistically may reverse glucocorticoid receptor phosphorylation (44).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Glutamic Acid, Obesity, and Depressive Symptoms in Patients With Schizophrenia

et al. 2021

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Introduction: Schizophrenia is a lifelong condition associated with several comorbid conditions such as physical illnesses like obesity, as well as co-occurring psychiatric symptoms such as depression. Research regarding susceptibility to some of these comorbidities has primary focused on genetic risks or neurotransmitters and very little work has been done to understand environmental factors such as diet. In particular, understanding the role of dietary glutamic acid consumption on co-morbidities in patients with schizophrenia is important, as evidence suggests that glutamic acid consumption may directly influence glutamatergic neurotransmission; a key neurotransmitter related to schizophrenia, its associated co-morbidities, and depression. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the potential relationship between dietary glutamic acid and depressive symptomatology in patients with schizophrenia, stratified by obesity status, due to its relationship with inflammation, antipsychotic use, and depressive symptoms.Methods: Subjects included in this analysis, were part of a parent cross-sectional study in which included three dietary recalls analyzed using protocols outlined as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) standardized criteria. Additionally, body mass index (BMI), and Beck Depression Inventory were obtained at this visit. Subjects with a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 were included in the obesity group, and the relationship between glutamic acid consumption and BDI scores was analyzed after controlling for age, race, sex, antidepressant and antipsychotic use, and animal and vegetable protein intake which provide natural forms of dietary glutamic acid.Results: A total of 168 participants were included in this study, of which 42.5% were female and 52.9% were White. The mean BMI for the group as a whole was 33.5 ± 8.7 (kg/m2) and the mean BDI was 14.5 ± 10.2 (range 2–50). No differences were found between obesity groups, other than a greater hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and lower waist to hip ratio. Overall, no relationship was found between dietary glutamic acid and BDI scores, However, for non-obese participants, diets higher levels of glutamic acid were associated with greater depression symptomatology (p = 0.021).Conclusion: These preliminary results indicate a possible correlation between dietary glutamic acid a depressive symptoms in non-obese patients with schizophrenia, although further research is needed to specifically examine this relationship.

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Monosodium glutamate and treadmill exercise: Anxiety-like behavior and spreading depression features in young adult rats

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

Whole-Body Vibration Promotes Beneficial Changes on the Anterior Tibial Muscle Histomorphometry of Hypothalamic Obese Rats

Whole-Body Vibration Promotes Beneficial Changes on the Anterior Tibial Muscle Histomorphometry of Hypothalamic Obese Rats

Chlorella vulgaris functional alcoholic beverage: Effect on propagation of cortical spreading depression and functional properties

Dietary Glutamic Acid, Obesity, and Depressive Symptoms in Patients With Schizophrenia

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