Monophasic sarcomatoid carcinoma of the scalp: a case mimicking inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor and a review of cutaneous spindle cell tumors with myofibroblastic differentiation

Winfield, Harry L.; Rosenberg, Arlene S.; Antonescu, Cristina R.; Weil, Michael M.; Wang, Alun R.

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0560.2003.00079.x

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Occasional spindle cell sarcomas, spindle cell melanomas, and sarcomatoid carcinomas contain a marked inflammatory infiltrate, and may show only mild cytological atypia 77 – 79. However, plasma cells are generally not a prominent component of the inflammatory infiltrate in these other tumour types, and most examples show at least focally prominent nuclear hyperchromasia, atypical mitoses, necrosis or vascular invasion, all of which are very unusual in IMT.…”

Section: Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours: where are we now?

2007

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Inflammatory pseudotumour is a generic term applied to a variety of neoplastic and non-neoplastic entities that share a common histological appearance, namely a cytologically bland spindle cell proliferation with a prominent, usually chronic inflammatory infiltrate. Over the last two decades, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) has emerged from within the broad category of inflammatory pseudotumour, with distinctive clinical, pathological and molecular features. IMT shows a predilection for the visceral soft tissues of children and adolescents and has a tendency for local recurrence, but only a small risk of distant metastasis. Characteristic histological patterns include the fasciitis-like, compact spindle cell and hypocellular fibrous patterns, which are often seen in combination within the same tumour. Chromosomal translocations leading to activation of the ALK tyrosine kinase can be detected in approximately 50% of IMTs, particularly those arising in young patients. This review will examine the clinical, pathological, and molecular genetic features of IMT and discuss an approach to diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

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Section: Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours: where are we now?

2007

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“…34bE12 and CK5/6) have been shown to be the most sensitive. [66][67][68][69] On the basis of the original report, it was thought that spindle cell SCC was most often associated with prior radiation exposure, and that it was an aggressive tumor as half the patients died of disease. 62 However, further studies have shown that while spindle cell SCCs associated with prior radiation behave in a more aggressive manner, those unassociated with radiation are indolent.…”

Section: Historical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a comprehensive clinicopathologic classification. Part One

2006

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Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) includes many subtypes with widely varying clinical behaviors, ranging from indolent to aggressive tumors with significant metastatic potential. However, the tendency for pathologists and clinicians alike is to refer to all squamoid neoplasms as generic SCC. No definitive, comprehensive clinicopathological system dividing cutaneous SCCs into categories based upon their aggressiveness has yet been promulgated. Therefore, we have proposed the following based upon the malignant potential of SCC variants, separating them into categories of low (< or = 2% metastatic rate), intermediate (3-10%), high (greater than 10%), and indeterminate behavior. Low-risk SCCs include SCC arising in actinic keratosis, HPV-associated SCC, tricholemmal carcinoma, and spindle cell SCC (unassociated with radiation). Intermediate-risk SCCs include adenoid (acantholytic) SCC, intraepidermal epithelioma with invasion, and lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the skin. High-risk subtypes include de novo SCC, SCC arising in association with predisposing factors (radiation, burn scars, and immunosuppression), invasive Bowen's disease, adenosquamous carcinoma, and malignant proliferating pilar tumors. The indeterminate category includes signet ring cell SCC, follicular SCC, papillary SCC, SCC arising in adnexal cysts, squamoid eccrine ductal carcinoma, and clear-cell SCC. Subclassification of SCC into these risk-based categories, along with enumeration of other factors including tumor size, differentiation, depth of invasion, and perineural invasion will provide prognostically relevant information and facilitate the most optimal treatment for patients.

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“…CSs are commonly described in various organs and anatomic sites including urinary bladder, uterus, liver, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, head, and neck [12][13][14]. Relevant clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features are debated in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carcinosarcoma of the breast: report of a case and review of the literature

Varlatzidou¹,

Mastoraki²,

Kefala³

et al. 2009

Gynecol Surg

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Carcinosarcoma (CS) of the breast is a rare, poorly differentiated, malignant tumor which represents less than 0.1% of all breast cancers. It is strictly defined as a mixed, biphasic neoplasm consisting of a carcinomatous component combined with a malignant nonepithelial element of mesenchymal origin. We present a female patient with breast CS. Relevant literature is briefly reviewed. A 65-year-oldwoman was admitted for the management of a palpable mass of the left breast. Mammography depicted a high-density mass with marginal irregularity and pleomorphic calcification. Subsequent excisional biopsy revealed a biphasic metaplastic breast carcinoma, and the patient underwent a left-modified radical mastectomy. The final histopathologic diagnosis was defined as a metaplastic breast carcinoma of CS type, with a squamous cell epithelial component of intermediate and mainly low-grade differentiation. Recent case series describe CS as an uncommon lesion demonstrating an intimate admixture of adenocarcinoma and sarcoma. Current data represent further evidence of the dedifferentiation theory in the origin of CS as it runs a very aggressive course and bears an ominous prognosis. The tumor is characterized by intermingled carcinomatous and sarcomatous areas resembling leaf-like structures of phyllodes pattern. Associated cumulative 5-year survival rate is estimated at 49%.

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Monophasic sarcomatoid carcinoma of the scalp: a case mimicking inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor and a review of cutaneous spindle cell tumors with myofibroblastic differentiation

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours: where are we now?

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours: where are we now?

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a comprehensive clinicopathologic classification. Part One

Carcinosarcoma of the breast: report of a case and review of the literature

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